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In experiment on the effect of heating o...

In experiment on the effect of heating on oxides of lead in a current of hydrogen the following results were obtained. Show that they are in agreement with the law of multiple proportions.
a. `1.393 g` of litharge `(PbO)` gave `1.293 g` of lead
b. `2.173 g` of lead peroxide `(PbO_(2))` gave `1.882 g` of lead
c. `1.712 g` of red lead `(Pb_(3) O_(4))` gave `1.552 g` of lead

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

a. Weight of `PbO = 1.393`,
Weight of `Pb = 1.293`,
Weight of `O_(2) = 1.393 - 1.293 = 0.1 g`
`0.1 g of O_(2)` combines with `1.293 g of Pb`
`1 g of O_(2)` combines with `(1.293)/(0.1) = 12.93 g of Pb`
b. Weigth of `PbO_(2) = 2.173 g`
Weight of `Pb = 1.882 g`
Weight of `O_(2) = 2.173 - 1.882 g of Pb`
`0.291 g of O_(2) = 1.882 g pf Pb`
`1 g of O_(2) = (1.882)/(0.291) = 6.46 g of Pb`
c. Weight of `Pb_(3)O_(4) = 1.712 g`
Weight of `Pb = 1.552 g`
Weight of `O_(2) = 1.712 - 1.552 = 0.16 g of O_(2)`
`:. 0.16 g of O_(2) = 1.552 g of Pb`
`1 g of O_(2) = (1.552)/(0.16) = 9.7 g of Pb`
Therefore, weight of `Pb` in three cases whicc combines with a fixed mass `(1 g)` of `(O_(2))`
`= 12.93 : 6.46 : 9.7`
`= (12.93)/(6.46) = (6.46)/(6.46) : (9.7)/(6.46)`
Hence, the law of multiple proposition is verfied.
Alternatively, the weight of `O_(2)` in three cases which combines with a fixed mass of `Pb` can also be calculated and they will also bear a simple whole number ratio, which proves law of multiple proportion.
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