Home
Class 12
PHYSICS
The fission of a heavy nucleus gives, in...

The fission of a heavy nucleus gives, in general, two smaller nuclei, two or three neutrons, some `beta-`particles and some `gamma-`radiation. It is always true that the nuclei produced.

A

have a total rest-mass that is greater than that of the original nucleus.

B

have large kinetic energies that carry off the greater part of the energy released.

C

travel in exactly opposite directions.

D

have neutron-to-proton ratios that are too law for stability.

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

The correct Answer is:
B
(b) The nuclear fission differs from other nuclear reactions in three respects.
(i) the nucleus is deeply divided into two large fission fragments or nuclei of roughly equal mass. The nuclei or fission fragments fly apart at great speed thus posses large kinetic energies that carry off the greater part of the energy released.
(ii) the mass decrease is appreciable and hence large energy is released.
(iii) other neutrons, called fission neutrons, are emitted in the process, Small amount of energy is released in the from of and radiation.
Doubtnut Promotions Banner Mobile Dark
|

Topper's Solved these Questions

  • NUCLEAR PHYSICS

    A2Z|Exercise Radioactivity|42 Videos

  • NUCLEAR PHYSICS

    A2Z|Exercise Radioactive Disintegration|65 Videos

  • NUCLEAR PHYSICS

    A2Z|Exercise Section D - Chapter End Test|29 Videos

  • MOCK TEST

    A2Z|Exercise Mock Test 3|44 Videos

  • SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS

    A2Z|Exercise EXERCISE|29 Videos

Similar Questions

Explore conceptually related problems

The splitting of a heavy nuclei with neutron into two smaller nuclei and large amount of energy is known as ………………….. .

Staements I: The fission of a heavy nucleus is always accompanied with the neutrons along with two product nuclei. Staements II: For a lighter stble nuclide, the N/Z ratio has to be slightly greater than 1.

Knowledge Check

  • In the artificial transmutation of elements, Alchemists was interested to convert basic metals like iron into precious metals like gold. A number of subatomic particles was used as projectiles to hit the nuclei after accelerating these particles in cyclotron. The ejectiles were also generally some subatomic particles or in some cases, only gamma -radiation were emitted. These nuclear reactions are generally represented by Bethe's notation. In certain cases it is observed that artificial transmutation of a stable nucleus gives a radioisotope which disintegrates by itself like a natural radioactive element. The phenomenon is called induced radioactivity. The following nuclear transmutation ._(11)Na^(23) + ._(1)H^(1) rarr ._(12)Mg^(23) + ._(0)n^(1) belongs to

    A
    (n,p) Type
    B
    (p,n) Type
    C
    `(alpha, n)` Type
    D
    (d, p) Type

  • In the artificial transmutation of elements, Alchemists was interested to convert basic metals like iron into precious metals like gold. A number of subatomic particles was used as projectiles to hit the nuclei after accelerating these particles in cyclotron. The ejectiles were also generally some subatomic particles or in some cases, only gamma -radiation were emitted. These nuclear reactions are generally represented by Bethe's notation. In certain cases it is observed that artificial transmutation of a stable nucleus gives a radioisotope which disintegrates by itself like a natural radioactive element. The phenomenon is called induced radioactivity. Which one of the following notations shows the product incorrectly

    A
    `._(96)Cm^(242) (alpha, 2n) ._(97)Bk^(243)`
    B
    `._(5)B^(10) (alpha, n) ._(7)N^(13)`
    C
    `._(7)N^(14) (n, p) ._(6)C^(14)`
    D
    `._(14)Si^(28) (d, n) ._(15)P^(29)`

  • In the artificial transmutation of elements, Alchemists was interested to convert basic metals like iron into precious metals like gold. A number of subatomic particles was used as projectiles to hit the nuclei after accelerating these particles in cyclotron. The ejectiles were also generally some subatomic particles or in some cases, only gamma -radiation were emitted. These nuclear reactions are generally represented by Bethe's notation. In certain cases it is observed that artificial transmutation of a stable nucleus gives a radioisotope which disintegrates by itself like a natural radioactive element. The phenomenon is called induced radioactivity. Which one of the following is not an example of induced radioactivity

    A
    `{:(._(2)^(4) He +,._(12)^(24)Mg rarr ._(14)^(27)Si + ._(0)n^(1)),(,._(14)^(27)Si rarr ._(13)^(27)Al + ._(+1)e^(0)):}`
    B
    `{:(._(1)^(1)H +,._(6)^(12)C rarr ._(7)^(13)N),(,._(7)^(13)N rarr ._(6)^(13)C + ._(+1) e^(0)):}`
    C
    `{:(._(1)^(2)D +,._(11)^(23)Na rarr ._(11)^(23)Na + ._(1)^(1)H),(,._(11)^(24)Na rarr ._(12)^(24)Mg + ._(-1) e^(0)):}`
    D
    `{:(._(92)^(238)U +,._(0)n^(1) rarr ._(92)^(239)U),(,._(92)^(239)U rarr ._(93)^(239)Np + ._(-1)e^(0)):}`

    • Similar Questions

    Explore conceptually related problems

    Which of the following statements about 'fission' is correct ? 1. It is related with the creation of new individuals by means of cell division in unicellular organism. 2. It is related with the transformation of heavier nuclei into smaller nuclei. 3. It is related with the creation of a heavier nuclei by means of combining two higher nuclei. Select the correct answer using the code given below :

    Nuclear fission is the phenomenon of splitting of a heavy nucleaus into two or more ligther nuclei. Nuclear fusion is the phenomenon of fusing two or more ligther nuclei to form a single heavy nucleus. In both these processes, certain mass (Deltam) disappears, which appears in the form of nuclear energy, E=(Deltam)c^(2) . The release of energy is so sudden that it cannot be controlled. This causes havoc. Nuclear fission is the basis of the an atom bomb and nuclear fusion is the basis of a hydrogen bomb. A powerful device, called Nuclear Reactor has been developed, where in nuclear energy produced is utilised for constructive purposes. (i) How much energy is released in the fission of one nucleus of U(235) and in how much time? (ii) Give an estimate of devastation potential of an atomic explosion. (iii) Should we ban nuclear research in this field ? Give your views briefly.

    In the artificial transmutation of elements, Alchemists was interested to convert basic metals like iron into precious metals like gold. A number of subatomic particles was used as projectiles to hit the nuclei after accelerating these particles in cyclotron. The ejectiles were also generally some subatomic particles or in some cases, only gamma -radiation were emitted. These nuclear reactions are generally represented by Bethe's notation. In certain cases it is observed that artificial transmutation of a stable nucleus gives a radioisotope which disintegrates by itself like a natural radioactive element. The phenomenon is called induced radioactivity. What is X in the following nuclear reaction ._(7)^(14)N + ._(1)^(1)H rarr ._(8)^(15)O + 'X'

    Assertion (A) : In the process of nuclear fission, the amount of nuclear energy generated by the fission of an atom of uranium is so tremendous that it produces 10 million times the energy produced by the combustion of an atom of carbon from coal. Reason (R) : The nucleus of a heavy atom such as uranium, when bombarded with low energy neutrons, splits apart into lighter nuclei. The mass difference between the original nucleus and the product nuclei gets converted to tremendous energy.

    Assertion (A): In the process of nuclear fission, the amount of nuclear energy generated by the fission of an atom of uranium is so tremendous that it produces 10 million times the energy produced by the combustion of an atom of carbon from coal. Reason (R): The nucleus of a heavy atom such as uranium, when bombarded with low energy neutrons, splits apart into lighter nuclei. The mass difference between the original nucleus and the product nuclei gets converted to tremendous energy.

    Home
    Profile