State and explain Faraday's law of induction.

Explanation

(i) Faraday's law of induction: Whenever the number of magnetic lines of force passing through a coil changes, current is induced in the coil.
(ii.) The current produced in the coil is called the induced current.
(iii.) When a rectangular conductor loop is brought near a solenoid coil and if a current is switched on or off in the solenoid coil, current is induced in the loop.
(iv.) Also, when the current in the solenoid coil is increased or decreased, current is induced in the loop.