Presently which reagent is used for separation of `1^(@),2^(@)` and `3^(@)` amines

Options

A. p-toluene sulphonyl chloride
B. Benzene sulphonyl chloride
C. p-Amino benzene sulphonyl chloride
D. m-toluene sulphonyl chloride

Answer

To separate primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, the reagent used is para-toluenesulfonyl chloride (p-TsCl). Here’s a step-by-step explanation of how this reagent works for the separation of these amines:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Amines**:
- Primary amines (1°) have one alkyl group attached to the nitrogen.
- Secondary amines (2°) have two alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen.
- Tertiary amines (3°) have three alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen.

2. **Reagent Introduction**:
- The reagent used for the separation is para-toluenesulfonyl chloride (p-TsCl), which is a sulfonyl chloride.

3. **Reaction with Primary Amines**:
- When a primary amine reacts with p-TsCl, it forms a sulfonamide. The reaction proceeds as follows:
\[ RNH_2 + p-TsCl \rightarrow RNH-Ts + HCl \]
- The product (sulfonamide) is soluble in water, allowing for easy separation.

4. **Reaction with Secondary Amines**:
- Secondary amines react similarly but form a different product:
\[ R_2NH + p-TsCl \rightarrow R_2N-Ts + HCl \]
- The product formed from secondary amines is generally insoluble in water, which helps in distinguishing it from primary amines.

5. **Reaction with Tertiary Amines**:
- Tertiary amines do not react with p-TsCl:
\[ R_3N + p-TsCl \rightarrow \text{No reaction} \]
- This lack of reaction means tertiary amines remain unreacted, allowing for their separation from the other two types.

6. **Separation Process**:
- After the reactions, the mixture can be treated with a base (like NaOH or KOH) to precipitate the sulfonamide from the primary amines, while the secondary amines remain as insoluble products, and tertiary amines remain unreacted.

7. **Final Outcome**:
- The primary amines can be separated as soluble salts, secondary amines as insoluble compounds, and tertiary amines remain in the solution, thus achieving effective separation.

### Summary:
The reagent used for the separation of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines is para-toluenesulfonyl chloride (p-TsCl). Primary amines form soluble sulfonamides, secondary amines form insoluble products, and tertiary amines do not react, allowing for their separation.