The yield of `NH_(3)` in the reaction `N_(2)+3H_(2) hArr 2NH_(3) , Delta H =-22.08 `kcal is affected by

Options

A. change in pressure and temperature
B. change in temperature and concentration of `N_(2)`
C. change in pressure and concentration of `N_(2)`
D. change in pressure, temperature and concentration of `N_(2)`

Explanation

To analyze how the yield of ammonia (NH₃) in the reaction \(N_2 + 3H_2 \rightleftharpoons 2NH_3\) is affected by various factors, we can apply Le Chatelier's principle. This principle states that if a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium shifts to counteract the change.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reaction and Its Characteristics**:
- The reaction is \(N_2 + 3H_2 \rightleftharpoons 2NH_3\).
- The enthalpy change (\(\Delta H\)) is \(-22.08\) kcal, indicating that the reaction is exothermic (releases heat).

2. **Effect of Temperature**:
- For exothermic reactions, increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the left (toward the reactants) to absorb the excess heat.
- Conversely, decreasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the right (toward the products), increasing the yield of ammonia.

3. **Effect of Pressure**:
- The reaction involves 1 mole of \(N_2\) and 3 moles of \(H_2\) on the reactants' side, totaling 4 moles of gas. On the products' side, there are 2 moles of \(NH_3\).
- According to Le Chatelier's principle, increasing the pressure will shift the equilibrium toward the side with fewer moles of gas, which is the product side (2 moles of \(NH_3\)).
- Therefore, increasing pressure favors the formation of ammonia.

4. **Effect of Concentration**:
- Increasing the concentration of \(N_2\) will shift the equilibrium to the right (toward the products) to consume the added reactant, thus increasing the yield of ammonia.
- Similarly, increasing the concentration of \(H_2\) would also shift the equilibrium to the right.

5. **Conclusion**:
- The yield of ammonia is affected by changes in temperature, pressure, and the concentration of \(N_2\) (and \(H_2\)).
- Therefore, the correct answer is that the yield of \(NH_3\) is affected by changes in pressure, temperature, and concentration of \(N_2\).

### Final Answer:
The yield of \(NH_3\) in the reaction \(N_2 + 3H_2 \rightleftharpoons 2NH_3\) is affected by changes in pressure, temperature, and concentration of \(N_2\).