Explain the principle of chromatography.

Explanation

Chromatography is a method of separation of components of a mixture between the stationary phase and a mobile phase.
Chromatography involves the following three steps:
1) Adsorption and retention of a mixture of substances on the stationary phase and separation of adsorbed substances by the mobile phase to different distances on the stationary phase,
2) Recovery of the substances separated by a continuous flow of the mobile phase (known as elution) and
3) Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the eluted substances.
Based on the physical states of the stationary phase and mobile phase and also on the basis of the principle of adsorption of substances on the stationary phase chromatography processes are classified into several types.