Consider the following sequence of reaction and identify the final product (Z).
`CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)Br overset("Mg dry ether")rarr (X) overset(CO_(2))rarr (Y) overset(H^(+))rarr(Z)`

Options

A. `CH_(3)CH_(2)COOH`
B. `CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)CH_(2)COOH`
C. `CH_(3)-underset(CH_(3))underset("| ")"CH"-COOH`
D. `CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)COOH`

Answer

To solve the problem, we will follow the sequence of reactions step by step:

### Step 1: Identify the starting compound
The starting compound is 1-bromopropane, which has the structure:
\[ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-Br \]

### Step 2: Reaction with Magnesium in Dry Ether
When 1-bromopropane reacts with magnesium in dry ether, it forms a Grignard reagent. The reaction can be represented as:
\[ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-Br + Mg \xrightarrow{\text{dry ether}} CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-MgBr \]
This compound is known as propyl magnesium bromide (Product X).

### Step 3: Reaction with Carbon Dioxide
Next, the Grignard reagent (Product X) reacts with carbon dioxide (CO₂). The carbon atom in the Grignard reagent acts as a nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbon in carbon dioxide. This reaction produces a carboxylate intermediate:
\[ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-MgBr + CO_2 \rightarrow CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-C(=O)O^{-}MgBr^{+} \]
This intermediate is known as the carboxylate (Product Y).

### Step 4: Hydrolysis with Acid (H⁺)
The carboxylate intermediate (Product Y) is then treated with an acid (H⁺) to hydrolyze it. This reaction converts the carboxylate into a carboxylic acid:
\[ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-C(=O)O^{-}MgBr^{+} + H^{+} \rightarrow CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-COOH \]
The final product (Product Z) is butanoic acid.

### Final Answer
The final product (Z) is butanoic acid, which has the structure:
\[ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-COOH \]

### Summary of Steps
1. Start with 1-bromopropane.
2. React with magnesium in dry ether to form propyl magnesium bromide (Grignard reagent).
3. React the Grignard reagent with carbon dioxide to form a carboxylate intermediate.
4. Hydrolyze the carboxylate with acid to yield butanoic acid.