Explain the types of equilibrium with suitable examples

Explanation

(i) Linear momentum and angular momentum are zero.
(ii) The body tries to come back to equilibrium if slightly disturbed and released.
(iii) The centre of amss of the body shifts slightly higher if disturbed from equilibrium.
(iv) Potential energy of the body is minimum and it increases if disturbed.

A bar is fixed at its top end. If its centre of gravity G rises to `G_(1)` on being displaced, then the bar returns back to its original positioni on being released. Hence the equilibrium of a bar is stable.
In unstable equilibrium.
(i) Linear moment and angular momentum are zero.
(ii) The body cannot come back to equilibrium. if slilghtly disturbed and released.
(iii) The centre of mass of the body is shifted slightly lower if disturbed from equilibrium.
(iv) Potential energy of the body isnot minimum and it decreases if disturbed.

Consider a bar B, whose fixed end is at its bottom. Its centre of gravity G is lowered to `G_(2)` on being displaced, then the bar B will keep moving awya from its original position on being released. Hence the equilibrium is said to be unstable.
In neutral equilibrium :
(i) Linear momentum and angular momenum are zero.
(ii) The body remains at the same equilibrium if slightly disturbed and released.
(iii) The centrre of mass of the body does not shift higher or lower if disturbed from equilibrium.
(iv) Potential energy remains same even if disturbed.

For a bar C, whose fixed point is baout its centre of gravity. If the centre of gravity remainses as the same height on being displaced then the bar will remain in its new position. On being released and the equilibrium is said to be neutral.