Explain the concepts of fundamental frequency, harmonics and overtones in detail.

Explanation

(i) The fundamental frequency is the lowest natural frequency
(ii) If natural frequencies are written as intergral multiples of fundamental frequecy, then the frquencies are said to be in harmonics. So the first harmonic is `v_(1)=v_(1)`, (the fundamental frequency is called first harmonics), the second harmonics is `v_(2)=2v_(1)`, the third harmonics is `v_(3)=3v_(1)` and so on.
(iii) The frequency higher than fundamental frequency can be produced by blowing air strongly at open end. Such frequencies are called overtones.
first over tone, `(f_(2)=3f_(1))` since here, the frequency is three times fundamental frequency it is called third harmonic.
Second over tone, `(f_(3)=5f_(1))` and since n=5 here, is called fifth harmonic.