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Dow's process of extraction of Mg involv...

Dow's process of extraction of Mg involves extraction of Mg from sea water. Sea water is concentrated in sun light and is then treated with slaked lime. Magnesium hydroxide is heated in a stream of HCl to give `MgCl_(2)` which is electrolyzed to discharge Mg. the mixture is in the ratio 35% `MgCl_(2) + 50% NaCl + 15% CaCl_(2). NaCl and CaCl_(2)` are added to lowr the fusion temperature and to increase the conductance.
`{:(Mg^(2+) + Ca(OH)_(2) rarr Mg (OH)_(2) + Ca^(2+)),(Mg(OH)_(2) + 2HCl rarr MgCl_(2) + 2H_(2)O(l)),("Electrolysis of fused" MgCl_(2) overset("Anode")rarr 2Cl^(-)rarr Cl_(2) + 2_(-1e^(0))overset("cathode")rarr Mg^(2+) + 2_(-1e^(0)) rarr Mg):}`
Mg electrolysed is protected from atmospheric oxidation by a blanket of inert gases.
Molten mixture contains `Mg^(2+), Na^(+) and Ca^(2+)` but at cathode only Mg is discharged because :

A

standard reduction potential of Mg is least among the three

B

standard oxidation potential of Mg is least among the three

C

discharge potential of Mg is highest

D

none of the above

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

The correct Answer is:
B
`E_("o.p.")^(o) "for Mg"^(+), Na^(+) and Ca^(2+)` are 2.37, 2.71 and 2.87 V respectively.
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Dow's process of extraction of Mg involves extraction of Mg from sea water. Sea water is concentrated in sun light and is then treated with skaked lime. Magnesium hydroxide is heated in a stream of HCI to give MhCi which is electrolysed to dischate Mg . the mixture is in the ratio 35% MgCI_(2) +50% NaCI + 15% CaCI_(2). NaCI_(2) and CaCI_(2) are added to lower the fusion temperature and to increase the conductance. Mg^(2+) +Ca(OH)_(2) rarr Mg (OH)_(2) +Ca^(2+) Mg(OH)_(2) + 2HCI rarr MgCI_(2) +2H_(2)O (liquid) Electrolysis of fused MgCI_(2) overset("Anode")rarr 2CI^(-) rarr 2_(-I)e^(@) overset("Cathode")rarr Mg^(2+) +2_(-I)e^(@) rarr Mg Mg electrolysed is protected from atmospheric oxidation by a blanket of inert gases. Molten mixture contains Mg^(2+), Na^(+) and Ca^(2+) but at cathode only Mg is dischared because:

Dow's process of extraction of Mg involves extraction of Mg from sea water. Sea water is concentrated in sun light and is then treated with skaked lime. Magnesium hydroxide is heated in a stream of HCI to give MhCi which is electrolysed to dischate Mg . the mixture is in the ratio 35% MgCI_(2) +50% NaCI + 15% CaCI_(2). NaCI_(2) and CaCI_(2) are added to lower the fusion temperature and to increase the conductance. Mg^(2+) +Ca(OH)_(2) rarr Mg (OH)_(2) +Ca^(2+) Mg(OH)_(2) + 2HCI rarr MgCI_(2) +2H_(2)O (liquid) Electrolysis of fused MgCI_(2) overset("Anode")rarr 2CI^(-) rarr 2_(-I)e^(@) overset("Cathode")rarr Mg^(2+) +2_(-I)e^(@) rarr Mg Mg electrolysed is protected from atmospheric oxidation by a blanket of inert gases. In the hydrated chloride of Mg the value of x is

Dow's process of extraction of Mg involves extraction of Mg from sea water. Sea water is concentrated in sun light and is then treated with skaked lime. Magnesium hydroxide is heated in a stream of HCI to give MhCi which is electrolysed to dischate Mg . the mixture is in the ratio 35% MgCI_(2) +50% NaCI + 15% CaCI_(2). NaCI_(2) and CaCI_(2) are added to lower the fusion temperature and to increase the conductance. Mg^(2+) +Ca(OH)_(2) rarr Mg (OH)_(2) +Ca^(2+) Mg(OH)_(2) + 2HCI rarr MgCI_(2) +2H_(2)O (liquid) Electrolysis of fused MgCI_(2) overset("Anode")rarr 2CI^(-) rarr 2_(-I)e^(@) overset("Cathode")rarr Mg^(2+) +2_(-I)e^(@) rarr Mg Mg electrolysed is protected from atmospheric oxidation by a blanket of inert gases. Mg^(2+) + Ca(OH)_(2) rarr Mg(OH)_(2)darr +Ca^(2+) This reaction indicates:

Dow's process of extraction of Mg involves extraction of Mg from sea water. Sea water is concentrated in sun light and is then treated with skaked lime. Magnesium hydroxide is heated in a stream of HCI to give MhCi which is electrolysed to dischate Mg . the mixture is in the ratio 35% MgCI_(2) +50% NaCI + 15% CaCI_(2). NaCI_(2) and CaCI_(2) are added to lower the fusion temperature and to increase the conductance. Mg^(2+) +Ca(OH)_(2) rarr Mg (OH)_(2) +Ca^(2+) Mg(OH)_(2) + 2HCI rarr MgCI_(2) +2H_(2)O (liquid) Electrolysis of fused MgCI_(2) overset("Anode")rarr 2CI^(-) rarr 2_(-I)e^(@) overset("Cathode")rarr Mg^(2+) +2_(-I)e^(@) rarr Mg Mg electrolysed is protected from atmospheric oxidation by a blanket of inert gases. Molten mixture of NaCI_(2) is added to the heated MgCI_(2)xH_(2)O with dry HCI gas because: (A) MgCI_(2)xH_(2)O +dry HCI overset(973-1023K)rarr Partially dehydrated MgCI_(2) and molten (NaCI + CaCI_(2)) makes it fully dehydrated

Dow's process of extraction of Mg involves extraction of Mg from sea water. Sea water is concentrated in sun-light and is then treated with slaked lime. Magnesium hydroxide is heated in a stream of HCl to give MgCl_(2) which is electrolysed to discharge Mg. The mixture is in the ratio 35% MgCl_(2)+50% NaCl+15% CaCl_(2) . NaCl and CaCl_(2) are added to lower the fusion temperature and to increases the conductance. Mg^(2+) +Ca(OH)_(2) to Mg(OH)_(2)+Ca^(2+) Mg(OH)_(2)+2HCl to MgCl_(2)+2H_(2)O(l) Electrolysis of fused MgCl_(2) hArr Mg^(2+)+2Cl Mg^(2+)+2e^(-) to Mg ( At Cathode) 2Cl^(-) to Cl_(2)+2e^(-) (At Anode) Mg electrolysed is protected from atmospheric oxidation by a blanket of inert gases. In the hydrated chloride of Mg the value of x is :

Dow's process of extraction of Mg involves extraction of Mg from sea water. Sea water is concentrated in sun-light and is then treated with slaked lime. Magnesium hydroxide is heated in a stream of HCl to give MgCl_(2) which is electrolysed to discharge Mg. The mixture is in the ratio 35% MgCl_(2)+50% NaCl+15% CaCl_(2) . NaCl and CaCl_(2) are added to lower the fusion temperature and to increases the conductance. Mg^(2+) +Ca(OH)_(2) to Mg(OH)_(2)+Ca^(2+) Mg(OH)_(2)+2HCl to MgCl_(2)+2H_(2)O(l) Electrolysis of fused MgCl_(2) hArr Mg^(2+)+2Cl Mg^(2+)+2e^(-) to Mg ( At Cathode) 2Cl^(-) to Cl_(2)+2e^(-) (At Anode) Mg electrolysed is protected from atmospheric oxidation by a blanket of inert gases. Molten mixture contains Mg^(2+), Na^(+) and Ca^(2+) but at cathode only Mg^(2+) is discharged because :