Chemical bond formation takes place when

Options

A. Energy is absorbed
B. Forces of attraction overcome forces of repulsion
C. Forces of repulsion overcome forces of attraction
D. Forces of attraction are eqaul to forces of repulsion.

Answer

To solve the question "Chemical bond formation takes place when?", we will analyze the options provided and use the concept of potential energy and the forces acting between two atoms.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Bond Formation**:
- Chemical bonds form when two atoms interact. This interaction involves attractive and repulsive forces between the atoms.

2. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option 1**: "Energy is absorbed."
- This option can be rejected because bond formation typically releases energy, leading to a more stable configuration.

- **Option 2**: "Forces of attraction overcome forces of repulsion."
- This option is partially correct because, during bond formation, initially, the attractive forces do overcome the repulsive forces. However, this is not the complete condition for bond formation.

- **Option 3**: "Forces of repulsion overcome forces of attraction."
- This option is incorrect because if repulsive forces dominate, the atoms would not bond; they would repel each other.

- **Option 4**: "Forces of attraction are equal to forces of repulsion."
- This is the correct condition for bond formation. At this point, the potential energy is at a minimum, and the atoms are in a stable configuration.

3. **Conclusion**:
- The correct answer is **Option 4: Forces of attraction are equal to forces of repulsion**. At this point, a chemical bond is formed, and the system is at its lowest potential energy.