Hybrid orbital with maximum p-character is

Options

A. `sp^3d`
B. `sp^3`
C. `sp`
D. `sp^3d^2`

Explanation

To determine which hybrid orbital has the maximum p-character, we will analyze the given hybrid orbitals: sp3d, sp3, sp, and sp3d2. We will calculate the percentage of p-character for each hybridization.

### Step 1: Analyze SP3D Hybridization
- **Participating Orbitals**: 1s, 3p, and 1d = 5 orbitals
- **P Orbitals**: 3 (from 3p)
- **Percentage of P Character**:
\[ \text{Percentage} = \left( \frac{\text{Number of p orbitals}}{\text{Total number of orbitals}} \right) \times 100 = \left( \frac{3}{5} \right) \times 100 = 60\% \]

### Step 2: Analyze SP3 Hybridization
- **Participating Orbitals**: 1s and 3p = 4 orbitals
- **P Orbitals**: 3 (from 3p)
- **Percentage of P Character**:
\[ \text{Percentage} = \left( \frac{3}{4} \right) \times 100 = 75\% \]

### Step 3: Analyze SP Hybridization
- **Participating Orbitals**: 1s and 1p = 2 orbitals
- **P Orbitals**: 1 (from 1p)
- **Percentage of P Character**:
\[ \text{Percentage} = \left( \frac{1}{2} \right) \times 100 = 50\% \]

### Step 4: Analyze SP3D2 Hybridization
- **Participating Orbitals**: 1s, 3p, and 2d = 6 orbitals
- **P Orbitals**: 3 (from 3p)
- **Percentage of P Character**:
\[ \text{Percentage} = \left( \frac{3}{6} \right) \times 100 = 50\% \]

### Step 5: Compare the Percentages
- SP3D: 60%
- SP3: 75%
- SP: 50%
- SP3D2: 50%

### Conclusion
The hybrid orbital with the maximum p-character is **SP3**, which has 75% p-character.

### Final Answer
**SP3 is the correct answer.**

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