List four ill-effects of overpopulation

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Definition of Overpopulation**: Overpopulation occurs when the number of people exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living. This leads to various social, economic, and environmental issues.

2. **Ill Effect 1 - Shortage of Space**: One of the primary ill effects of overpopulation is the shortage of living space. As the population increases, more people are competing for limited land, leading to overcrowding in urban areas.

3. **Ill Effect 2 - Deforestation**: To accommodate the growing population, forests are often cleared for housing and agriculture. This deforestation leads to loss of biodiversity and contributes to climate change.

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