Amongst the following compounds, identify which are insoluble, partially soluble and highly soluble in water ?
(i) phenol (ii) toluene (iii) formic acid (iv) ethylene glycol (v) chloroform (vi) pentanol.

Explanation

(i) Partially soluble because phenol has polar – OH group. (ii) Insoluble because toluene is non-polar while water is polar. (iii) Highly soluble because formic acid can form hydrogen bonds with water. (iv) Highly soluble because ethylene glycol can form hydrogen bonds with water. (v) Insoluble because chloroform is almost non-polar. (vi) Partially soluble because - OH group is polar but the large hydrocarbon part `(C_5H_11)` is non polar.