Describe the following giving the relevant chemical equation in each case :
(i) Carbylamine reaction
(ii) Hoffmann' s bromamide reaction.

Explanation

(i) Carbylamine reaction : Primary amines on warming with chloroform and alcoholic KOH gives unpleasent odour of isocyanides or carbylamine.
`RNH_(2)+CHCI_(3)+3KOH rarr RNC+3KCI +3H_(2)O`
Hoffmann bromamide reaction : When primary amide is treated with KOH solution and bromine, it gives primary amine which has one carbon atom less than the original amide.
`underset("Amide")(CH_(3)CONH_(2))+Br_(2)+4KOHrarrunderset(+2KBr+2H_(2)O)underset("Primary amine")(CH_(3)NH_(2))+K_(2)CO_(3)`