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Give reasons for the following (a) C C...

Give reasons for the following
(a) `C Cl_(4)` is immiscible in water, whereas `SiCl_(4)` is easily hydrolysed.
(b) Carbon has a strong tendency for catenation compared to silicon.

Text Solution

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(a) Carbon tetrachloride `(C Cl_(4))` is a covalent compound while `H_(2)O` is a polar compound. `C Cl_(4)` does not form H-bond with water molecule. Hence, it is immiscible in water. Further more, `C Cl_(4)` is not hydrolysed by water because of the absence of d-orbitals in carbon while `SiCl_(4)` is readily hydrolysed by water.
`SiCl_(4)+4H_(2)Orarrunderset("Silicic acid")(Si(OH)_(4))+4HCl`
The hydrolysis of `SiCl_(4)` occurs due to coordination of `OH^(-)` with empty 3d orbitals in silicon atom of `SiCl_(4)` molecule

(b) Carbon atoms have the tendency to link with one another through covalent bonds to form chains and rings. This property is called catenation. This property is called catenation. This is because C-C bonds are very strong
Down the group, the size increases and electronegativity decreases and thereby, tendency to show catenation decreases. Thus, carbon has a strong tendency for catenation as compared to silicon.
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