Explain the process of charging of tRNA. Why is it essential in translation?

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution

1. **Definition of tRNA Charging**:
- tRNA charging is the process by which an amino acid is attached to its corresponding transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule. This is a crucial step before the amino acid can be incorporated into a growing polypeptide chain during protein synthesis.

2. **Activation of Amino Acids**:
- Before an amino acid can be linked to tRNA, it must be activated. This activation occurs in the presence of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which provides the necessary energy for the reaction.

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