(a) Derive the relationship between the peak and the rms value of current in an a.c. circuit.
(b) Describe briefly, with the help of a labelled diagram, working of a step-up transformer.
A step-up transformer converts a low voltage into high voltage. Does it not violate the principal of conservation of energy? Explain.

Explanation

### Solution

**(a) Deriving the relationship between the peak and the RMS value of current in an AC circuit:**

1. **Expression for AC Current:**
The current in an AC circuit can be expressed as:
\[
I(t) = I_0 \sin(\omega t)
...