In photoelectric effect, stopping potential depends on

Options

A. frequency of incident light
B. nature of the emitter material
C. intensity of incident light
D. both (a) and (b)

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the factors on which the stopping potential in the photoelectric effect depends, we can break down the explanation into clear steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Stopping Potential**:
- Stopping potential is defined as the negative potential applied to the anode plate in a photoelectric experiment, which stops the emitted photoelectrons from reaching the anode. It is a measure of the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted electrons.

2. **Identifying Relevant Factors**:
- The question provides four options: frequency of the incident light, nature of the emitter material, intensity of incident light, and both A and B.

3. **Analyzing Frequency**:
- The stopping potential is directly related to the frequency of the incident light. According to Einstein's photoelectric equation, the energy of the emitted electrons depends on the frequency of the incident light. Higher frequency light can cause the emission of electrons with greater kinetic energy, thus affecting the stopping potential.

4. **Analyzing Nature of Emitter Material**:
- The nature of the emitter material is crucial because different materials have different work functions (the minimum energy required to remove an electron from the surface). This means that the stopping potential will also depend on the material's ability to emit electrons when exposed to light of a certain frequency.

5. **Analyzing Intensity**:
- The intensity of the incident light refers to the number of photons hitting the surface per unit time. While intensity affects the number of photoelectrons emitted, it does not affect the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted electrons. Therefore, the stopping potential is independent of the intensity of the incident light.

6. **Conclusion**:
- From the analysis, we conclude that the stopping potential depends on the frequency of the incident light and the nature of the emitter material. Thus, the correct answer is both A (frequency) and B (nature of emitter material).

### Final Answer:
The stopping potential in the photoelectric effect depends on both the frequency of the incident light and the nature of the emitter material.