Assertion: Mutations are basically different from fluctuations.
Reason: Mutations are sudden discontinuous and large variations, while fluctuations are small and continuous variations.

Options

A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion
B. If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
C. If Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false.

Answer

To analyze the assertion and reason provided in the question, we will break down the concepts of mutations and fluctuations step by step.

### Step 1: Understanding the Assertion
The assertion states that "Mutations are basically different from fluctuations."
- **Explanation**: This means that mutations and fluctuations are two distinct concepts in the context of biological variations.

**Hint**: Think about how mutations and fluctuations differ in terms of their nature and impact on organisms.

### Step 2: Understanding the Reason
The reason provided is "Mutations are sudden discontinuous and large variations, while fluctuations are small and continuous variations."
- **Explanation**: This statement describes the characteristics of mutations and fluctuations. Mutations are significant changes that occur suddenly and can lead to major differences in an organism's traits. In contrast, fluctuations refer to minor, gradual changes that occur over time.

**Hint**: Consider the scale and timing of changes when comparing mutations and fluctuations.

### Step 3: Evaluating the Truth of the Assertion and Reason
Now we need to evaluate whether both the assertion and the reason are true.
- **Assertion**: True. Mutations and fluctuations are indeed different.
- **Reason**: True. The description of mutations as large and discontinuous variations and fluctuations as small and continuous variations is accurate.

**Hint**: Reflect on the definitions of mutations and fluctuations in genetics to determine their truthfulness.

### Step 4: Analyzing the Relationship Between Assertion and Reason
Next, we need to determine if the reason correctly explains the assertion.
- The reason explains why mutations are different from fluctuations by highlighting their characteristics. Thus, it serves as a correct explanation for the assertion.

**Hint**: Ask yourself if the reason provides a logical explanation for the assertion.

### Conclusion
Both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion. Therefore, the correct answer is that both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

**Final Answer**: Both assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.