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Assertion: Natural selection is the outc...

Assertion: Natural selection is the outcome of differences in survival and reproduction among individuals that show variation in one or more traits.
Reason: Adaptive form of a given trait tend to become more common, less adaptive ones become less common or disappear.

A

If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion

B

If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.

C

If Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

D

If both Assertion and Reason are false.

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Assertion**: - The assertion states that natural selection results from differences in survival and reproduction among individuals that exhibit variation in traits. This means that individuals with certain traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than others, leading to a change in the population over time. 2. **Understanding the Reason**: - The reason provided explains that adaptive forms of traits become more common in a population, while less adaptive traits may become less common or disappear altogether. This reflects the process of natural selection where advantageous traits are favored. 3. **Connecting Assertion and Reason**: - Both the assertion and reason are connected. The assertion describes the mechanism of natural selection, while the reason explains the outcome of that mechanism. Adaptive traits increase in frequency because they confer survival advantages, which aligns with the assertion. 4. **Conclusion**: - Since both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion, we conclude that the statement is accurate. 5. **Final Answer**: - The correct answer is that both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
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For a sponaneous reaction, the free energy change must be negative, Delta G=Delta H-T Delta S, Delta H is the enthalpy change during the reaction. T is the absolute temperature, and Delta S is the change in entropy during the reaction. Consider a reaction such as the formation of an oxide M+O_(2) to MO Dioxygen is used up in the course of this reaction. Gases have a more random structure (less ordered) than liquid or solids. Consequently gases have a higher entropy than liquids and solids. In this reaction S (entropy or randomness) decreases, hence Delta S is negative. Thus, if the temperature is raised then T Delta S becomes more negative,Since, TDelta S is substracted in the equation, then Delta G becomes less negative. Thus, the free energy change increases with the increase in temperature. The free energy changes that occur when one mole of common reactant (in this case dioxygen) is used may be plotted graphically aginst temperature for a number of reactions of metals to their oxides. The following plot is called an Ellingham diagram for metal oxide. Understanding of Ellingham diagram is extremely important for the efficient extraction of metals. As per the Ellingham diagram of oxides which of the following conclusion is true ?

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