Write a short note on Electrophoresis.

Explanation

When a mild electric field is applied across two electrodes that are totally submerged in a colloidal solution, the particles (colloidal) tend to move towards one or the other electrode. This movement of particles under the effect of electric field is known as electrophoresis.
(i) Fragments of DNA are separated by agarose gel electrophoresis. (ii) DNA fragments being negatively charged move towards positive electrode i.e., node.
(iii) Fragments separate according to size/ charge ratio.
(iv) Separated fragments are stained with. ethidium bromiode and exposed to UV rays.
(v) They form orange coloured bands.
(vi) The bands are extracted by elution or blotting.