What are restriction endonucleases? Give the rules of their nomenclature.

Explanation

Restriction Endonuclease is a type of restriction enzyme that makes a cut within the DNA at a specific site. This enzyme acts as an important tool in genetic engineering for cutting DNA sequences from a specific site. They play an important role in gene manipulation. The enzymes recognize a specific six-base pair sequence known as the recognition sequence and cut the sequence at a specific site. Smith and Nathans proposed the rules for the Nomenclature of restriction endonucleases:
(a) The enzyme names should begin with a three-letter acronym in which the first letter was the first letter of the genus from which the enzyme was isolated and the next two letters were the first two letters of the species name.
(b) Fourth alphabet is the name of the strain from which the enzyme is isolated and the roman number is the order in which the enzyme was isolated. Example: EcoRI.