Define the following terms:
(i) Mole fraction (ii) Isotonic solutions (iii) Van't Hoff factor (iv) Ideal solution

Answer

(i) Mole fraction `(x)=` It is the ratio of number of moles of a particular component to the total number of moles of all the components.
For example, mole fraction of component `A,x_(A)=(n_(A))/(n_(A)+n_(B))`, where `n_(A)` is the umber of moles of component `'A'` and `n_(B)` is the number of moles of component `'B'`.
(ii) Isotonic solutions `=` Two solutions are said to be isotonic when they exert the same osmotic pressure because they have same molar concentration. All intravenous injections must be isotonic with body fluids.
(iii) van't Hoff factor (i)`=` The ratio of experimental value of a colligative property to the theoretical value (calculated on the basis of normal behavious of solute) is known as van't Hoff factor.
`i=("Experimentally deter mined value of the colligative property")/("calculated value of the colligative property")`
(iv) Ideal solution `=` Those solutions which obey Raoul'ts law are called ideal solutions. When the forces of attraction between `A-A,B-B` are similar to `A-B`, then `A` and `B` will form ideal