Triethylamine is reacted with a peracid to obtain X. The nitrogen atom in X has formal charge.

Options

A. 0
B. `+1`
C. `-1`
D. `+2`

Answer

To solve the question, we need to analyze the reaction of triethylamine with a peracid and determine the formal charge on the nitrogen atom in the resulting product, which we will denote as X.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reactants**:
- The reactant is triethylamine, which has the structure:
\[ (C_2H_5)_3N \]
- The peracid can be represented generally as \( RCO_3H \).

2. **Understand the Reaction**:
- When triethylamine reacts with a peracid, it forms an amine oxide. The reaction can be represented as:
\[ (C_2H_5)_3N + RCO_3H \rightarrow (C_2H_5)_3N^+O^- + RCO_2H \]
- In this reaction, the nitrogen atom in triethylamine gets oxidized to form triethylamine oxide.

3. **Draw the Structure of the Product**:
- The product, triethylamine oxide, can be depicted as:
\[ (C_2H_5)_3N^+O^- \]
- Here, the nitrogen atom is bonded to three ethyl groups and has a positive charge due to the addition of the oxygen atom.

4. **Determine the Formal Charge on Nitrogen**:
- To calculate the formal charge on the nitrogen atom, we use the formula:
\[ \text{Formal Charge} = \text{Valence Electrons} - \text{Non-bonding Electrons} - \frac{1}{2} \text{Bonding Electrons} \]
- For nitrogen in triethylamine oxide:
- Valence Electrons of Nitrogen = 5
- Non-bonding Electrons = 0 (since it is fully bonded)
- Bonding Electrons = 6 (3 bonds with the ethyl groups and 1 bond with oxygen)
- Plugging these values into the formula:
\[ \text{Formal Charge} = 5 - 0 - \frac{1}{2}(6) = 5 - 3 = +1 \]

5. **Conclusion**:
- The formal charge on the nitrogen atom in the product X (triethylamine oxide) is +1.

### Final Answer:
The nitrogen atom in product X has a formal charge of +1.

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