Which of the following electronic configurations corresponds to the element with the highest electron affinity?

Options

A. `1s^(2) 2s^(2) 2p^5`
B. `1s^(2)2s^(2) 2p^(4) `
C. `1s^(2) 2s^1`
D. `1s^1`

Explanation

To solve the question of which electronic configuration corresponds to the element with the highest electron affinity, we will analyze the provided configurations step by step.

### Step 1: Understand Electron Affinity
Electron affinity is the amount of energy released when an electron is added to a neutral atom in the gas phase. Generally, elements with high electron affinity are found on the right side of the periodic table, particularly among the nonmetals.

**Hint:** Remember that electron affinity increases as you move from left to right across a period due to increasing nuclear charge.

### Step 2: Analyze the Given Electronic Configurations
The electronic configurations provided are:
1. **1s² 2s² 2p⁵** (Fluorine)
2. **1s² 2s² 2p⁴** (Oxygen)
3. **1s² 2s¹** (Lithium)
4. **1s¹** (Hydrogen)

**Hint:** Identify which elements correspond to these configurations and their positions in the periodic table.

### Step 3: Identify the Elements
- **1s² 2s² 2p⁵** corresponds to **Fluorine (F)**.
- **1s² 2s² 2p⁴** corresponds to **Oxygen (O)**.
- **1s² 2s¹** corresponds to **Lithium (Li)**.
- **1s¹** corresponds to **Hydrogen (H)**.

**Hint:** Look at the periodic table to see where these elements are located.

### Step 4: Compare Electron Affinities
- **Fluorine (F)** has the highest electron affinity among these elements because it is located in Group 17 (the halogens), which are known for their high electron affinity.
- **Oxygen (O)** also has a relatively high electron affinity but is lower than that of Fluorine.
- **Lithium (Li)** and **Hydrogen (H)** have much lower electron affinities compared to the nonmetals.

**Hint:** Recall that halogens have high electron affinities due to their desire to achieve a stable noble gas configuration.

### Step 5: Conclusion
Based on the analysis, the electronic configuration that corresponds to the element with the highest electron affinity is **1s² 2s² 2p⁵**, which is **Fluorine (F)**.

**Final Answer:** The electronic configuration corresponding to the element with the highest electron affinity is **1s² 2s² 2p⁵ (Fluorine)**.