What is genetic engineering process? Mention its applications

Explanation

Genetic Engineering It is the science which deals with manipulation of gene, repair of genes, combining of genes from two organisms to achieve the target product. Genetic engineering can be defined as the directed artificial alteration (manipulation) of genetic materials of cells and individuals, either through modification of specific genes or by implementation of new genes into chromosomes.
Applications of Genetic Engineering
(i) Helps in understanding molecular events in biological processes.
(ii) Helps in manufacturing of pharmaceutically important compounds.
(iii) Produces .genetically modified organisms. or GMOs. The term .transgenic. is used for organism carrying foreign genes.
(iv) Removes defective genes and replaces them with normal or better alleles. It is called .gene therapy..
(v) Employed to produce disease resistant and highly adaptable plants and better hybrid of animals.
(vi) This technology is employed in production of vitamins, hormones and antibiotics which produces a tool to fight against many dreadful diseases.
(vii) It can beemployed to increase the nitrogen-fixing ability of bacteria, thus is helpful in increasing the crop yield.