Explain how are microorganisms used in the food industry?

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Introduction to Microorganisms:**
- Microorganisms are tiny living organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye and require a microscope for observation. They can be beneficial or harmful, but in the context of the food industry, we focus on their beneficial uses.

2. **Role of Bacteria in Food Production:**
- One of the key microorganisms used in the food industry is bacteria, particularly *Lactobacillus*. This bacterium is essential in the production of curd from milk.
- When milk is exposed to *Lactobacillus*, it ferments the lactose (the sugar present in milk) into lactic acid.
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