A mapping is selected at random from the set of all the mappings of the set `A={1,2,...,n}` into itself. Find the probability that the mapping selected is an injection.

Explanation

The mapping is from set A to A. So, domain and codomain of function are A.
Now, each pre-image in set A can be assigned any one of the images from set A.
So, total number mappings = `n xx n xx n xx … xx n` (n times) = `n^(n)`
Number of mappings which are one-one
`= nxx (n-1) xx (n-2)xx ... xx 2 xx1 = n!`
So, required probability = `(n!)/(n^(n)) = ((n-1)!)/(n^(n-1))`