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CH(4) + Cl(2) overset(hv)(rarr) CH(3)Cl ...

`CH_(4) + Cl_(2) overset(hv)(rarr) CH_(3)Cl + HCl`
To obtain high yields of `CH_(3)Cl`, the ratio of `CH_(4)` to `Cl_(2)` must be :

A

high

B

low

C

equal

D

Can't be predicted

Text Solution

Verified by Experts

The correct Answer is:
A
In order to maximize the amount of monohalogenated product obtained, a radical substitution reaction should be carried out in the presence of excess of alkane. The presence of excess alkane in the reaction mixture ensures that there is a greater probability of the halogen radical colliding with a molecule of alkane than with a molecule of alkyl halide. This is true even toward the end of the reaction, by which time a considerable amount of alkyl halide will have been formed. If the halogen radical abstracts a hydrogen from a molecule of alkyl halide rather than from a molecule of alkane, a dihalogenated product will be obtained.
`{:(Cl^(*) + CH_(3)Cl rarr CH_(2)Cl + HCl),(CH_(2)Cl + Cl_(2) rarr CH_(2)Cl_(2) + Cl^(*)):}`
Bromination of alkanes follows the same mechanism as chlorination. The only difference is that chlorination produces alkyl chlorides, whereas bromination forms alkyl bromides.
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