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Why B-X bond distance in BX(3) is shorte...

Why `B-X` bond distance in `BX_(3)` is shorter than theoretically expected value ?

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This is due to `ppi-ppi` back bonding of the fully filled p-orbital of halogen (X) into the empty p-orbital of boron . As a result, B-X bond has some double bond character and hence B-X bond is shorter tha expected.
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