Syllabus And Exam Pattern

MSBSHSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus & Exam Pattern: Complete Guide (2026)

Biology is a fundamental subject for students pursuing careers in the fields of medicine, biotechnology, pharmacy, agriculture, or the environmental sciences. Students from the Maharashtra HSC should diligently study the MSBSHSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus and Exam Pattern for 2026 to do well on the board exam as well as the competitive entrance tests.

This guide has everything you need from a thorough discussion of the Syllabus, the confirmed exam date, and the official blueprint, to effective methods of preparation to ensure you do well on the Biology exam.

1.0MSBSHSE Class 12 Biology Exam Date 2026

The Maharashtra State Board (MSBSHSE) has formally published the exam date for HSC Science stream. The Biology exam has been in the middle of the timetable so that students will have enough time for revision. Students must finish their relaxation by full-length revision by mid-February as well as taking the last week to go over questions from past years, to practice drawing diagrams, and to reinforce concepts.

Exam Component	Date	Time
Biology (Theory)	February 25, 2026	11:00 AM – 2:00 PM
Practical & Viva Exams	January 23 – February 9, 2026	Conducted by Schools/Colleges

2.0MSBSHSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2026

The HSC Biology syllabus is divided into two core parts:

Botany (Plant Biology)

Zoology (Animal Biology)

A total of 15 chapters form the official MSBSHSE syllabus.

Botany Units (Plant Biology)

Chapter	Topics Covered
1. Reproduction in Lower & Higher Plants	Asexual & sexual reproduction, alternation of generations
6. Plant Water Relations	Absorption, transpiration, water potential
7. Plant Growth & Mineral Nutrition	Plant hormones, essential nutrients, deficiency symptoms
11. Enhancement of Food Production	Plant breeding, tissue culture, GM crops
12. Biotechnology – Principles & Processes	rDNA technology, PCR, cloning vectors
13. Biotechnology – Organisms & Applications	Gene therapy, transgenic organisms, industrial applications
14. Ecosystem & Energy Flow	Pyramids, biotic/abiotic components, food chains
15. Biodiversity & Conservation	Hotspots, endangered species, pollution, environmental issues

Zoology Units (Animal Biology)

Chapter	Topics Covered
2. Reproduction in Lower & Higher Animals	Human reproduction, gametogenesis, IVF
3. Inheritance & Variation	Mendelian genetics, linkage, sex-determination
4. Molecular Basis of Inheritance	DNA structure, replication, transcription, translation
5. Origin & Evolution of Life	Evolution theories, Hardy–Weinberg Law
8. Respiration & Circulation	Human respiratory & circulatory systems
9. Control & Coordination	Nervous system, endocrine regulation
10. Human Health & Diseases	Immunity, vaccination, AIDS, cancer

High-Weightage Biology Chapters

Master these first during revision. These chapters frequently appear in SA-II and LA questions:

Genetics & Molecular Biology (Ch. 3 & 4)
Human Physiology (Ch. 8 & 9)
Reproduction (Ch. 1 & 2)
Biotechnology (Ch. 12 & 13)
Ecology & Environment (Ch. 14 & 15)

3.0MSBSHSE Biology Exam Pattern 2026 (Blueprint)

Biology is evaluated for 100 marks, divided into:

70 Marks – Theory (Written Exam)
30 Marks – Practical/Internal Assessment

Theory vs Practical Marks Distribution

Component	Marks	Duration	Passing Rule
Theory Paper	70	3 Hours	Must pass theory + practical combined
Practical/Internal	30	Conducted at college	Minimum total 35 marks required

Students must clear combined components.

Section-Wise Question Paper Structure (70 Marks)

The official blueprint includes 47 questions, of which 37 must be attempted.

Section	Question Type	Marks/Question	Attempt	Total Marks
A	MCQs + Very Short Answers	1	18 Q (10 MCQ + 8 VSA)	18
B	Short Answer I (SA-I)	2	8 out of 12	16
C	Short Answer II (SA-II)	3	8 out of 12	24
D	Long Answer (LA)	4	3 out of 5	12
TOTAL	—	—	37/47	70 Marks

Key Blueprint Insights

SA-II (24 marks) + LA (12 marks) = Highest scoring sections
Diagrams are mandatory in long answers
Section A offers 18 easy scoring marks

Ample internal choices in B, C, D

Exam Guide for Biology

MSBSHSE Class 12 Biology Exam Overview

MSBSHSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus & Exam Pattern

MSBSHSE Class 12 Biology Sample Papers

MSBSHSE Class 12 Biology Previous Year Papers

MSBSHSE Class 12 Biology Preparation Tips

MSBSHSE Class 12 All Subjects

MSBSHSE Class 12 Physics

MSBSHSE Class 12 Maths

MSBSHSE Class 12 Chemistry

Other State Boards

Maharashtra – MSBSHSE

Bihar – BSEB

Madhya Pradesh – MPBSE

Uttar Pradesh – UPMSP

Test Prep Study Materials

JEE Previous Year Papers

JEE Sample Papers

JEE Mock Test

NEET Previous Year Papers

NEET Sample Papers

NEET Mock Test

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