Biology in Class 12 is a high-weightage subject for CBSE Board examinations and plays a decisive role in NEET and other medical entrance exams. Most chapters are concept-based and require a strong understanding of biological processes, diagrams, and scientific terminology.
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology provide accurate, well-structured, and textbook-aligned answers to all questions. These solutions help students understand concepts clearly, revise effectively, and write precise exam-oriented answers.
Below is the complete and latest list of NCERT Class 12 Biology chapters, for which detailed solutions are provided.
Given below are the chapter-wise NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology. Students can use these solutions as a complete Biology guide for board exams and competitive exam preparation.
This chapter explains the reproductive structures in flowering plants and the process of sexual reproduction. It covers pollen formation, fertilization, seed development, and fruit formation.
NCERT solutions help students understand reproductive mechanisms and diagram-based questions clearly.
This chapter deals with the structure and functions of the human reproductive system. It explains gametogenesis, menstrual cycle, fertilization, and embryonic development.
NCERT solutions provide clear explanations and help students write accurate biological answers.
This chapter focuses on reproductive health issues, population control, and sexually transmitted diseases. It highlights the importance of awareness and preventive measures.
NCERT solutions help students understand health-related concepts and social relevance questions.
This chapter introduces the laws of inheritance and explains how traits are passed from one generation to another. It includes Mendelian genetics, inheritance patterns, and genetic disorders.
NCERT solutions help students solve numerical and conceptual genetics problems step by step.
This chapter explains DNA, RNA, replication, transcription, translation, and genetic code. It forms the molecular foundation of heredity.
NCERT solutions simplify complex molecular processes and terminology.
This chapter discusses the origin of life and evolution of organisms. It explains evolutionary theories, evidence of evolution, and human evolution.
NCERT solutions help students understand concepts and write well-structured answers.
This chapter deals with common diseases, immunity, vaccines, and disorders. It explains how the immune system protects the human body.
NCERT solutions provide clarity on immunity types, pathogens, and disease prevention.
This chapter explains the beneficial role of microbes in food production, medicine, agriculture, and environmental management.
NCERT solutions help students understand applications of microbes with real-life examples.
This chapter introduces the principles of biotechnology and techniques such as genetic engineering and bioprocessing.
NCERT solutions explain tools, enzymes, and processes used in biotechnology clearly.
This chapter explains applications of biotechnology in medicine, agriculture, and industry. It includes genetically modified organisms and biopharmaceuticals.
NCERT solutions help students understand applications and ethical concerns.
This chapter deals with ecological interactions between organisms and their environment. It explains population growth, adaptations, and ecological relationships.
NCERT solutions help students understand ecological concepts and graphical questions.
This chapter explains ecosystem structure, energy flow, nutrient cycles, and ecological pyramids.
NCERT solutions simplify ecological processes and help in learning diagrams and cycles.
This chapter discusses biodiversity, its importance, threats, and conservation strategies. It highlights the need for sustainable development.
NCERT solutions help students understand conservation methods and environmental issues.
For the CBSE Class 12 Biology (2025-26) session, the evaluation follows the 70 + 30 rule: 70 marks for the theory paper and 30 marks for practicals.
The weightage is heavily skewed toward Genetics and Evolution, making it the most critical unit for both board exams and competitive tests like NEET.
Biology for competitive exams, particularly NEET, is almost entirely based on NCERT textbooks. NCERT Solutions help students understand, retain, and reproduce biological concepts accurately.
Why NCERT Biology Solutions Matter
(Session 2026 - 27)