NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5 - Magnetism and Matter

In 12th standard Physics, Chapter 5 Magnetism and Matter builds upon the topic of magnetism and how materials respond to the earth's magnetic field, which was introduced in the previous chapter on the phenomenon of current producing magnetism. This chapter also addresses the concept of the earth as a large magnet, categorising materials into paramagnetic, diamagnetic and ferromagnetic based on the degree of their response to an external magnetic field. This chapter is one of the higher marks achieved in the CBSE Board and the JEE and NEET exams, as it relates to a deeper understanding of the microscopic basis of magnetism.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 5 (Magnetism and Matter) have been developed to assist students with a better understanding of the earth's magnetic field (and the vector components of the magnetic field) and the qualitative characteristics of different types of magnetic materials. NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 5 Solutions also aid students in understanding the differences between the electric dipole and magnetic dipole and allow students to transition from studying electric systems in the prior chapters of physics to studying magnetic systems.

1.0Download NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 5 Magnetism and Matter: Free PDF

Magnetism and Matter study has unique terminologies used for defining specific concepts such as Declination, Dip, and Magnetic Intensity. The NCERT Solutions provide little conduct for answers to every question along with detailed explanations, including exercises related to the Characteristics of Bar Magnets in Uniform Magnetic Fields and the various properties of Materials that exhibit Magnetism. 

2.0Class 12 Physics Chapter 5 Magnetism and Matter: Key Concepts

This chapter examines the Earth's magnetic behavior and how different types of matter interact with magnetic fields. The key lessons include:

• The Bar Magnet - By treating a bar magnet like an equivalent solenoid and how it produces a magnetic field around it and how the bar magnet reacts to an external magnetic field. 
• Gauss’s Law of Magnetism - The conclusion that no magnetic monopoles exist and that the total net magnetic flux through a closed surface is always zero (or similar interpretation).
• Earth’s Magnetic Field - Studying Earth's magnetic pole, magnetic equator, and the three main components of Earth's magnetic field, including (1) Magnetic Declination, (2) Angle of Dip and (3) Horizontal Component. 
• Magnetization and Magnetic Intensity - The definition of how materials become magnets and thus how those materials produce a level of intensity. The relationship between (1) Magnetic Susceptibility (or ability to magnetize in relation to the strength of the magnet) vs. (2) Permeability (or how quickly magnetic lines of force pass through a specific material). 
• Classification of Types of Magnetized Materials - The classification system of material pathes is Magnetic (Ferromagnetic), Paramagnetic, or Diamagnetic, based on how their structure responds to a 'non-uniform magnetic field'. Examples of the alignment of atomic dipoles based on Material Type. 
• Hysteresis - The lag behind magnetization of Ferromagnetic materials in relation to the magnetization field strength of the magnet upon removal; determining what materials will be suitable when producing permanent or electromagnets.

3.0Key Features of NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 5

• Comparative Logic: Comparative tables show the properties of dia-, para- and ferromagnetic materials, making it easier for students to answer questions that require descriptive answers.
• Visualizing the Earth's Fields: Detailed students' explanations of the Earth's magnetic meridian and the Earth's geographic meridian assist students in visualizing the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field. Subsequently, students can utilize this information when solving problems related to the horizontal component.
• Magnetic Fields: Solution comparisons of a current carrying solenoid to a regular bar magnet and the resulting magnetic fields are identical. Therefore, an image of the similarity of fields between a bar magnet and a finite solenoid is present in the solutions.
• Hysteresis: Detailed step-by-step breakdowns of retentivity and coercivity describe to students the reasons for why a transformer core is usually made from soft iron and why a transformer has a permanent magnet core made from steel.
• Scalar and Vector Definitions: In particular, definitions of magnetic moment and magnetic field intensity are clearly stated to ensure that students use the appropriate units and directions in their numericals.