NCERT Solutions Class 6 Science Chapter 7 - Temperature and Its Measurement

Embarking upon a journey into the compelling world of temperature and temperature measurement in Class 6 Science should be a neat experience. We have just the NCERT Solutions for Chapter 7: Temperature and Its Measurement, and they will be there to serve this journey well by making the concepts clearer and easier to understand for young minds.

At its most basic, Science is about describing the world around us. How can we explain how hot or cold something is? What have measurement accuracies? This chapter starts with these basic questions, and even explores what we mean by heat, what temperature is and how we can measure it. Science is broadly a method of inquiry, which includes observing, experimenting, collecting evidence etc. Calling someone a "thinker" or "critical thinker" means they are developing important skills that are not just required in science, but also in everyday life.

The NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 7 are designed to help students establish a fundamental groundwork of knowledge of thermal phenomena, which they cannot see. In working through the NCERT Solutions for Chapter 7, we help students try and value temperature in their everyday lives and how it helps us to be scientific and observe and quantify it.

1.0NCERT Solutions Class 6 Science Chapter 7: Temperature and Its Measurement - Download PDF

The NCERT Solutions of Class 6 Science Chapter 7 are available here. Download the free PDFs of the solutions from below:

2.0Key Concepts in Chapter 7: Temperature and Its Measurement

The NCERT textbook, and specifically Class 6 Science, introduces the chapter "Temperature and Its Measurement". Here, usually, students are exposed to elementary ideas about heat and temperature and how we measure them.

• Beginning with heat and temperature: This aspect of the chapter develops the students’ understanding of the difference between heat (a form of energy) and temperature (the degree of hotness or coldness of an object). This helps students appreciate the difference between their sensation and actual measured value.
• Moving on to temperature: It also adopts the idea that temperature is a measurement of the average kinetic energy associated with the particles making up a substance. To clarify this rather abstract notion it uses simple examples.
• Measuring Temperature: This section focuses on the tools used to measure temperature, primarily the thermometer.
• • Clinical Thermometer: Students learn about the design, range, and proper use of a clinical thermometer for measuring body temperature, including precautions.
  • Laboratory Thermometer: The chapter explains the purpose and use of a laboratory thermometer, highlighting its different range compared to a clinical thermometer.
• Units of Temperature: The various temperature scales are introduced to students, specifically Celsius (°C) and sometimes Fahrenheit (°F). Students will be able to read temperature values expressed in Celsius. 
• Heat Transfer (Short Introduction): Although a much more thorough investigation of heat transfer mechanisms (conduction, convection, radiation) will be taught in upper grades, this chapter will usually introduce the idea that heat transfers from hotter to colder objects. 
• Real-life examples: The chapter provides examples of real-life situations to help students understand the real-life applications of temperature and measuring temperature, for checking body temperature, cooking, weather, etc.

Here are some common subtopics covered in this chapter:

• Hot and Cold:
• • Distinguishing between hot and cold objects.
  • Reliance on touch and its limitations.
• What is Temperature?
• • Definition of temperature.
  • Temperature as a reliable measure of hotness or coldness.
• Measuring Temperature:
• • Introduction to the thermometer.
• Types of Thermometers:
• • Clinical Thermometer:
  • • Construction and features (bulb, kink, scale).
    • Reading a clinical thermometer.
    • Precautions for using a clinical thermometer.
    • Normal human body temperature.
  • Laboratory Thermometer:
  • • Construction and features.
    • Reading a laboratory thermometer.
    • Differences between clinical and laboratory thermometers.
• Units of Temperature:
• • Celsius scale (°C).
• Transfer of Heat (Preliminary):
• • The concept that heat flows from a hotter to a colder object.
• Practical Applications:
• • Importance of temperature in daily life (weather, cooking, health).

3.0NCERT Solutions Class 6 Science Chapter 7 : Detailed Solutions

• Convert the boiling temperature of gold $2836^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$, into degree Fahrenheit and Kelvin. Solution To convert boiling temperature of gold from Celsius to Fahrenheit, we use the formula. $\begin{array}{rl}& \mathrm{F}=\frac{9}{5}\mathrm{C}+32\\ & \mathrm{F}=\frac{9}{5}\times 2836+32\\ & \mathrm{F}=5136.8^{\circ }\mathrm{F}\end{array}$ For Kelvin we can use the formula $\mathrm{K}=\mathrm{C}+273$ $\mathrm{K}=2836+273=3109\mathbf{K}$
• Convert the temperature of the coldest area in a freezer, $-10^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ to degrees Celsius and Kelvin. Solution To convert the temperature of Fahrenheit we can use the formula. $\begin{array}{rl}& \mathrm{C}=\frac{5}{9}(\mathrm{F}-32)\\ & \mathrm{C}=\frac{5}{9}(-10-32)\\ & \mathrm{C}=\frac{5}{9}(-42)=\frac{-210}{9}=-23.3^{\circ }\mathrm{C}\end{array}$ For Kelvin we can use, $\mathrm{K}=\mathrm{C}+273$ $\mathrm{K}=-10+273=263\mathbf{K}$
• Convert the temperature of hot water, $54^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ into degree Fahrenheit and Kelvin. Solution To convert the temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit we can use the formula. $\mathrm{F}=\frac{9}{5}\mathrm{C}+32$ $\mathrm{F}=\frac{9}{5}\times 54+32\mathrm{F}=\frac{486}{5}+32$ $\mathrm{F}=97.2+32={129.2}^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ For Kelvin we can use the formula $\mathrm{K}=\mathrm{C}+273$ $\mathrm{K}=54+273=327\mathbf{K}$
• Convert $223^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ to Kelvin Solution To convert degree Fahrenheit and Kelvin, we can use the formula $\mathrm{K}=(\mathrm{F}-32)\frac{5}{9}+273$ $\mathrm{K}=(223-32)\frac{5}{9}+273$ $K=191\times \frac{5}{9}+273=\frac{955}{9}+273$ $K=106.1+273=379.1\mathbf{K}$
• Convert 425 K to Celsius Solution To convert Kelvin to Celsius we can use the formula, $\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{K}-273=425-273={152}^{\circ }\mathbf{C}$

NCERT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS

• The normal temperature of a healthy human being is close to . (1) $98.6^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (2) $37.0^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (3) $32.0^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (4) $27.0^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ Solution (ii) $37^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$
• $37^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ is the same temperature as . (1) $97.4^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ (2) $97.6^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ (3) $98.4^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ (4) $98.6^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ Solution $\mathrm{F}=\frac{9}{5}\times 37+32$ $\mathrm{F}=98.6^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$
• Fill in the blanks: (i) The hotness or coldness of a system is determined by its $\_\_\_\_$ (ii) The temperature of ice-cold water cannot be measured by a $\_\_\_\_$ thermometer. (iii) The unit of temperature is degree $\_\_\_\_$ Solution (i) Temperature (ii) clinical (iii) ${}^{\circ }\mathrm{C},{}^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ (Celsius, Fahrenheit)
• The range of a laboratory thermometer is usually. (1) $10^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ to $100^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (2) $-10^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ to $110^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (3) $32^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ to $45^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (4) $35^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ to $42^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ Solution (ii) $-10^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ to $110^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$
• Four students used a laboratory thermometer to measure the temperature of water as shown in Fig.

• (a)

• (b)

• (c)

• (d) Who do you think followed the correct way for measuring temperature? (1) Student 1 (2) Student 2 (3) Student 3 (4) Student 4 Solution Student 2
• Colour to show the red column on the drawings of thermometers (Fig) as per the temperatures written below:
  
  Solution
  
• Observe the part of thermometer shown in Fig. and answer the following questions:
  
  (i) What type of thermometer is it? (ii) What is the reading of the thermometer? (iii) What is the smallest value that this thermometer can measure? Solution (i) Laboratory (ii) $26^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (iii) $-10^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$
• A laboratory thermometer is not used to measure our body temperature. Give a reason. Solution Laboratory thermometer is calibrated according to laboratory measurements and cannot measure the precise human body temperature. Moreover, Laboratory thermometer does not have a ‘kink’ constriction which is present in clinical thermometer, which does not allow the mercury fall back to bulb.
• Vaishnavi has not gone to school as she is ill. Her mother has kept a record of her body temperature for three days as shown in Table.

(i) What was Vaishnavi's highest recorded temperature? (ii) On which day and at what time was Vaishnavi's highest temperature recorded? (iii) On which day did Vaishnavi's temperature return to normal? Solution (i) $40^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (ii) Day one, 7 pm (iii) Day three

• If you have to measure the temperature $22.5^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$, which of the following three thermometers will you use figure? Explain

• (a)

• (b)

• (c) Solution (b) The scale is properly calibrated and having proper number of divisions.
• The temperature shown by the part of thermometer in Fig. is
  
  (1) $28.0^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (2) $27.5^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (3) $26.5^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (4) $25.3^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ Solution (ii) $27.5^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$
• A laboratory thermometer has 50 divisions between $0^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ and $100^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. What does each division of this thermometer measure? Solution Each division $=\frac{100-0}{50}=2^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$
• Draw the scale of a thermometer in which the smallest division reads $0.5^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. You may draw only the portion between $10^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ and $20^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. Solution
• Someone tells you that she has a fever of 101 degrees. Does she mean it on the Celsius scale or Fahrenheit scale? Solution It will be $101^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ as in clinical thermometer range for Celsius scale varies from $35^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ to $42^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ only

EXERCISE-01

Multiple choice questions

• What must be true about two given objects for energy to be transferred as heat between them? PTA063 (1) The objects must be large. (2) The objects must be hot. (3) The objects must contain a large amount of energy. (4) The objects must have different temperatures.
• If two objects are in thermal equilibrium with each other PTA064 (1) they can not be moving. (2) they can not be undergoing collisions. (3) they can not have different pressures. (4) they can not be at different temperatures.
• The boiling point of liquid hydrogen is $-252.87^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. What is the value of this temperature in kelvins? PTA065 (1) 273 K (2) 20.13 K (3) -525.87 K (4) 0 K
• A cake has to be baked at a temperature of $350.6^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$. What is this temperature on the Celsius scale? PTA066 (1) $162^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (2) $194^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (3) $177^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (4) $212^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$
• The temperatures of the two glasses of water are $30^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ and $0^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. The difference in temperature of the two glasses of water is $30^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. What is their difference in temperature on the Kelvin scale? PTA067 (1) 30 K (2) 243 K (3) 86 K (4) 303 K
• Room temperature is about 20 degrees on the PTA068 (1) Kelvin scale (2) Celsius scale (3) Fahrenheit scale (4) Absolute scale
• A thermometer indicates $98.6^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. It may be PTA069 (1) outdoors on a cold day. (2) in a comfortable room. (3) in a cup of hot tea. (4) in a normal person's mouth.
• Which of these thermometers would you use to measure your body temperature? PTA070 (1) Any mercury based liquid-in- glass thermometer (2) Clinical thermometer (3) Alcohol based liquid-in- glass thermometer (4) Laboratory thermometer
• One litre of water at $30^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ is mixed with one litre of water at $50^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. The temperature of the mixture will be PTA071 (1) $80^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (2) more than $50^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ but less than $80^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (3) $20^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ (4) between $30^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ and $50^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$
• An iron ball at $40^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ is dropped in a mug containing water at $40^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. PTA072 The heat will (1) flow from iron ball to water. (2) not flow from iron ball to water or from water to iron ball. (3) flow from water to iron ball. (4) increase the temperature of both.
• You have to measure the temperature of (2) Laboratory Thermometer food you cooked. Which thermometer you are going to use? (1) (3) (4) None of these Max. min. thermometer
• You have to measure the temperature of the your friend by examine infrared rays. What thermometer you are going to use? (1)
  
  (3)
  
  thermometer Max. min. ermometer PTA074 (4)
  
  Fore head thermometer
• This temperature point indicates. PTA075
  
  (1) Normal human temperature (2) Room temperature (3) Boiling point of water (4) Freezing point of water
• Among three temperature scales. Which is most convenient to use? PTA076 (1)
  
  (2)
  
  Fahrenheit (3)
  
  (4) None of these
• Mark the correct option with absolute zero marking. PTA077 (1)
  
  (2)
  
  
  (3) (4) none of these

True or false

• We can always trust our senses to measure temperature. PTA078
• When two substances at different temperatures are kept in thermal contact, heat flows from the warmer body to the cooler body until they reach the same temperature. PTA079
• For $1^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ change in the temperature of an object, there is a change of $1.8^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ in its temperature. PTA080
• The boiling point of water is 100 degree Celsius. PTA081
• Mercury does not wet the surfaces in contact thus it does not stick to the inner surface of capillary tube. PTA082
• The maximum and minimum temperatures of any day, reported in weather reports, are measured by a thermometer called the clinical thermometer. PTA083
• A thermometer measures heat, not temperature. PTA084
• The liquid in thermometer expands when the temperature increases. PTA085
• Mercury and alcohol are commonly used liquids in thermometer. PTA086
• Digital thermometer do not have liquid inside. PTA087

1.Match the column PTA088

2.Match the column PTA089

Fill in the blanks

• When two objects initially at different temperatures are placed in contact with each other, heat flows from the body which is at a $\_\_\_\_$ temperature to the body which is at a $\_\_\_\_$ temperature. PTA090
• The temperature scale on which the freezing point of water is at $32^{\circ }$ is the $\_\_\_\_$ scale. PTA091
• $\_\_\_\_$ is the freezing temperature of water. PTA092
• The lowest possible temperature in the universe is $\_\_\_\_$ . PTA093
• Matter $\_\_\_\_$ when heated and $\_\_\_\_$ when cooled. PTA094
• An $\_\_\_\_$ thermometer is used to measure very low temperature. PTA095
• The boiling point of water at sea level is $\_\_\_\_$ ${}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. PTA096
• Among metals, $\_\_\_\_$ is one of the best heat conductors. PTA097
• Air trapped in wool or fur act as a $\_\_\_\_$ to keep us warm. PTA098
• $\_\_\_\_$ is used to insulate refrigerator to prevents heat loss/transfer. PTA099

1.Crossword

ANSWER KEY

Multiple choice questions

True or false 1.False 2.True 3.True 4.True 5.True 6.False 7.False 8.True 9.True 10.True

Match the column

• $(\mathrm{A}\to \mathrm{q});(\mathrm{B}\to \mathrm{s});(\mathrm{C}\to \mathrm{p});(\mathrm{D}\to \mathrm{r})$
• $(\mathrm{A}\to \mathrm{s});(\mathrm{B}\to \mathrm{r});(\mathrm{C}\to \mathrm{q});(\mathrm{D}\to \mathrm{p})$

Fill in the blanks

• Higher; lower
• 0 Kelvin or $-273^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$
• 100
• Fahrenheit
• Expands; contracts
• Copper
• $0^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ or $32^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ or 273 K
• Alcohol
• Heat insulator 10.Foam
• Crossword
  

EXERCISE-02

Very short answer type questions

• Which is the larger change in temperature, $1^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ or $1^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ ? PTA101
• How can the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales be converted from one to another? PTA102
• Which is the larger change in temperature, 1 K or $1^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ ? PTA103
• Find the difference between $0^{\circ }$ on the Celsius scale and absolute zero. PTA104
• What do you think, whether the size of an inflated balloon would change or remain the same if you placed it in a freezer? PTA105
• Normal body temperature is $98.6{}^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$. Neeta has a temperature of $38.5^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. Does Neeta have fever? PTA106
• A hot copper pan is dropped into a tub of water. If the water's temperature rises, what happens to the temperature of the pan? PTA107
• Why petrol storage tanks are sprayed with silver paint? PTA108
• Give two examples each of conductors and insulators of heat. PTA109
• Look at Figure. Mark where the heat is being transferred by conduction, by convection and by radiation. PTA110

Short answer type questions

• Explain an activity that shows that we cannot rely on our senses to measure temperature. PTA111
• A metal cup containing water at $100^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ is placed in an aquarium containing water at $80^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$. PTA112 (i) Which way will heat flow? Why? (ii) When will the flow of heat stop? (iii) What is it called when heat no longer flows?
• Since it is fairly easy to tell when the temperature is high or low, why do we need thermometers, or other devices for measuring temperature? PTA113
• What is the use of maximum and minimum thermometer? PTA114
• When a mercury thermometer is heated, the mercury expands and rises in the thin tube of glass. What does this indicate about the relative rates of expansion for mercury and glass? What would happen if their expansion rates were the same? PTA115
• Why mercury is preferred in thermometer? PTA116
• State similarities and differences between the laboratory thermometer and the clinical thermometer. PTA117
• What are the precautions that should be taken while measuring temperature by a laboratory thermometer? PTA118
• If the temperature reads 25 degrees Celsius, what does this temperature Indicate? How would you represent the same temperature in Fahrenheit? PTA119
• In hot countries, people wear bright white clothes and paint their houses white. Why? PTA120

Long answer type questions

• Explain the concept and working of a clinical thermometer. Make figure. Write its important features. Why is it not convenient to use laboratory thermometer to measure our body temperature? PTA121
• Explain the different temperature scales with the help of labelled diagram. PTA122

Numerical problems

• Calculate the average human body temperature, $98.6^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$, on the Kelvin scale. PTA123
• Convert $-20^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ to the Kelvin scale. PTA124
• What is the Celsius equivalent of 100 K ? PTA125
• What does $104^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ equal on the Kelvin scale? PTA126
• What is a temperature of $86^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ on the Celsius scale? PTA127
• What is a temperature of $22^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ in degree Fahrenheit? PTA128
• The melting point of ethyl alcohol is $-179^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$. What is the Celsius reading? PTA129
• The melting point of gold is $1947^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$. Express this temperature in degrees Celsius and in Kelvin. PTA130
• What temperature in Fahrenheit scale numerically twice its value in Celsius scale? PTA131
• The melting point of pure iron is $1505^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. What Kelvin temperature is this? PTA132
• The melting point of mercury is $-38.0^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$. What Celsius temperature is this? PTA133
• A welding white heat is approximately $1400^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$. Find this temperature expressed in Kelvin. PTA134
• Find the temperature difference between (in ${}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ and ${}^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$ ) and $55^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ and $131^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$. PTA135
• Find the temperature difference (in ${}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ ) between $65^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ and $212^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$. PTA136
• The temperature in a crowded room is 86 ${}^{\circ }$ F. What is the Celsius reading? PTA137

Activity based questions

• Four identical kettles, having the same amount of water, have bases made of different metals of same thickness. If these kettles, are placed on identical flames, water will boil first in the kettle the base of which is made of PTA138 (1) stainless steel (2) brass (3) aluminum (4) copper See the figure and read the passage below (Q. 2 & Q.3). There are some parts marked as A and B . You have to identify them. When a thermometer is in contact with a system, energy is exchanged until the thermometer and the system are in thermal equilibrium with each other. A liquid-in-glass thermometer consists of following parts: smd_data$ \PNCF 2025-26 \Print Module ⋅ SET-1 \NCERT Physics ∖ 6th \3_Temperature and Its Measurement
  
  Numerical problems
• 310 K
• 253 K
• $-173^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$
• 313 K
• $30^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$
• $71.6^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$
• $-117.2^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$
• $1063.8^{\circ }\mathrm{C},1336.8\mathrm{K}$
• $320^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$
• 1778 K
• $-38.8^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$
• 1673 K
• $0^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$ or $0^{\circ }\mathrm{F}$
• $35^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$
• $30^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$

Activity based questions

• Copper 2.3 3.2 (1)Glass Tube: A thermometer is a sealed glass tube marked with a scale on the outside. (2) Capillary Tube: Inside the glass tube there is an another thinner tube, called the capillary tube. (3)Bulb: The capillary tube ends in a bulb made of thick glass. The bulb contains thermo-metric liquid.
• In the figure, A represents PTA139 (1) Glass tube (2) Capillary Tube (3) Bulb (4) Ring
• In the figure, B represents PTA140 (1) Glass tube (2) Capillary Tube (3) Bulb (4) Ring

4.0Key Features of NCERT Solutions Class 6 Science Chapter 7: Temperature and Its Measurement

• A Better Explanations of Basic Ideas: The solutions write a clear and straightforward explanation of the basic concepts like heat, temperature, and thermometers, giving a good basis for understanding.
• Better Understanding of Concepts: The solutions provide more than just answers; they also explain the "why" and "how" of temperature phenomena and measurement. This promotes a better understanding.
• Better Problem Solving Skills: A student learns a systematic approach to problems involving reading temperature and thermometers when using these solutions regularly. This is an important skill when studying science.
• Better Readiness for Exams: All exam styles including multiple-choice, short and long answer, practical applications are covered in these solutions. Regularly solving these exam questions prepares students to do well on exam questions about the many forms of temperature and thermometers.
• Greater Confidence: When students can have solid understanding of the textbook questions to answer correctly using these solutions, they increase their confidence in their ability to understand and apply the concepts of temperature and its measurements.