NCERT Class 8 Maths Chapter 2 Exercise 2.2 Solutions - Scientific Notation & Standard Form
Mastering the representation of very large and very small numbers is simple with our NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths Ch 2: Power Play – Exercise 2.2. This exercise focuses on "Exponents and Powers" and specifically teaches students how to use scientific notation to make complex numbers easier to read, write, and compare. Exercise 2.2 concentrates on converting numbers between standard form and scientific notation (also known as usual form).
Learn how to easily work with big and small numbers in Class 8 Math Lessons (Ch 2). The solutions to Exercise 2.2 of Class 8 Maths will be presented in a step-by-step manner to help students understand how to move the decimal point and determine the correct power of 10. These NCERT Solutions are in accordance with the CBSE Guidelines to provide students with the best available path to improve their calculation speed and accuracy. Additionally, these solutions will aid students in building a solid foundation for future studies in physics and Chemistry, where scientific notation is used daily.
1.0Download Class 8 Maths Chapter 2 Ex 2.2 NCERT Solutions PDF
You can get a PDF of our simple NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 2 Exercise 2.2. Ideal for rapid reference prior to tests and offline study.
2.0NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 2 Power Play : All Exercises
3.0Detailed NCERT Class 8 Maths Chapter 2 Solutions of Exercise 2.2
1.Find out the units digit in the value of 2224÷432 ? [Hint: 4=22 ]
Sol. The expression is 2224÷432. We can rewrite the base 4 as 22.
432=(22)32
Using the exponent rule (am)n=am×n :
432=22×32=264
Now substitute this back into the division:
2224÷432=2642224
Using the exponent rule anam=am−n :
2642224=2224−64=2160
The units digits of powers of 2 follow a repeating cycle of length 4 as 2,4,8,6
(∵21=2,22=4,23=8,24=16,25=32)
To find the units digit of 2160, we need to find the remainder of the exponent (160) when divided by the cycle length (4).
Remainder =160÷4
We can calculate this:
160÷4=40 with a remainder of 0
When the remainder is 0 , the units digit is the last digit in the cycle, which corresponds to the units digit of 24 .
The last digit in the cycle (2,4,8,6) is 6 .
Therefore, the units digit of 2160 is 6 .
The units digit in the value of 2224÷432 is 6 .
2.There are 5 bottles in a container. Every day, a new container is brought in. How many bottles would be there after 40 days?
Sol. Start with 1 container having 5 bottles, 1 new container is added every day, so after 40 days.
Number of containers after 40 days =40 containers ×5 bottles each =200 bottles
3.Write the given number as the product of two or more powers in three different ways. The powers can be any integers.
(i) 643
(ii) 1928
(iii) 32−5
Sol.
4.Examine each statement below and find out if it is ‘Always True’, ‘Only Sometimes True', or ‘Never True’. Explain your reasoning.
(i) Cube numbers are also square numbers.
(ii) Fourth powers are also square numbers.
(iii) The fifth power of a number is divisible by the cube of that number.
(iv) The product of two cube numbers is a cube number.
(v) q46 is both a 4th power and a 6th power ( q is a prime number).
Sol. (i) Cube numbers are also square numbers only sometimes true reason:
(a) 64=43=82→ both cube and square
(b) 8=23→ not a square.
A number must be both a square and a cube, i.e., a sixth power, to satisfy both.
Not all cubes are sixth powers.
(ii) Fourth powers are also square numbers - Always True
Reason: Any fourth power is the form of a4=(a2)2, which is clearly a square.
Fourth powers are squares because squaring a square gives a fourth power.
(iii) The fifth power of a number is divisible by the cube of that number.
Reason: a5÷a3=a5−3=a2, which is valid for any a=0.
The fifth power contains at least three powers of the base, so it's divisible by its cube.
(iv) The product of two cube numbers is a cube number. - Always True
Reason: The product of two cubes is also a cube, just raise the product of their bases to the third power.
(v) q46 is both a 4th power and a 6th power ( q is a prime number)- Never True
Reason: 46 is not divisible by 4 or 6 → can't be a 4th or 6th power.
5. Simplify and write these in the exponential form.
(i) 10−2×10−5
(ii) 57÷54
(iii) 9−7÷94
(iv) (13−2)−3
(v) m5n12(mn)9
Sol. (i) 10−2×10−5=10−2−5=10−7
(am×an=am+n)
(ii) 57÷54=57−4=53
(am÷an=am−n)
(iii) 9−7÷94=9−7−4=9−11
(am÷an=am−n)
(iv) (13−2)−3=(13)−2×(−3)=(13)6
[(am)n=amn]
(v) m5n12(mn)9=m5n12m9n9
6.If 122=144, what is
(i) (1.2)2
(ii) (0.12)2
(iii) (0.012)2
(iv) 1202
Sol. (i) (1.2)2=(1012)2=100144=1.44
(ii) (0.12)2=(10012)2=10000144=0.0144
(iii) (0.012)2=(100012)2=1000000144
= 0.000144
(iv) 1202=(12×10)2
7.Circle the numbers that are the same
Sol.
8.Identify the greater number in each of the following:
(i) 43 or 34
(ii) 28 or 82
(iii) 1002 or 2100
Sol. (i) 43=64;34=81
81>64
∴34>43
(ii) 28=256;82=(23)2=26=64
256>64
∴28>82
(iii) 1002=10,000
2100∼1.27×1030
A number with 30 zeros is much larger than 10,000.
∴2100>1002
9. A dairy plans to produce 8.5 billion packets of milk in a year. They want a unique ID (identifier) code for each packet. If they choose to use the digits 0 9, how many digits should the code consist of?
Sol. Total no. of packets produced in a year =8.5 billion
∴ Number of codes required =8.5×109 codes
For ID digits to be taken from 0 to 9 .
So, each digit has 10 choices.
To make code with n digits, the total number of possible codes =10n
∴10n≥8.5×109109=1,00,00,00,000
The smallest value of n that satisfies 10n≥8.5×109 is 10 .
Hence number of digits the code should consist of 1010.
10. 64 is a square number ( 82 ) and a cube number ( 43 ). Are there other numbers that are both squares and cubes? Is there a way to describe such numbers in general?
Sol.
Yes, other numbers are both squares and cubes.
General Rule: A number is both a perfect square and a perfect cube if and only if it is a perfect sixth power, i.e., it can be written as x6 for some integer x .
11. A digital locker has an alphanumeric (it can have both digits and letters) pass code of length 5. Some example codes are G89P0, 38098, BRJKW, and 003AZ. How many such codes are possible?
Sol.
Number of letters (A-Z) = 26
Number of digits (0-9) = 10
So, each character in the passcode can be any of the 36 alphanumeric characters. Also, each of the 5 positions has 36 options.
Total codes =365=6,04,66,176
Hence number of possible 5-character alphanumeric passcodes is 6,04,66,176.
12. The worldwide population of sheep (2024) is about 109, and that of goats is also about the same. What is the total population of sheep and goats?
(i) 209
(ii) 1011
(iii) 1010
(iv) 1018
(v) 2×109
(vi) 109+109
Sol. Sheep population =109
Goat population =109
Total population of sheep and goats = 109+109=2×109
13. Calculate and write the answer in scientific notation:
(i) If each person in the world had 30 pieces of clothing, find the total number of pieces of clothing.
(ii) There are about 100 million bee colonies in the world. Find the number of honeybees if each colony has about 50,000 bees.
(iii) The human body has about 38 trillion bacterial cells. Find the bacterial population residing in all humans in the world.
(iv) Total time spent eating in a lifetime in seconds.
Sol. (i) World population =8.2 billion
=8.2×109
Pieces of clothing =30 pieces per person
Total pieces of clothing
=8.2×109×30
=246×109
=2.46×1011 pieces of clothing
(ii) No. of bee colonies = 100 million
=1×108
No. of bee per colony =50,000
=5×104
Total no. of bees =1×108×5×104
=5×108+4
=5×1012 honeybees
(iii) No. of bacterial cells per human body
=38 trillion =3.8×1013
World population (approx.)
=8.2 billion =8.2×109
Total bacterial population
=3.8×1013×8.2×109
=31.16×1013+9
=31.16×1022
(iv) Let average eating time per day
= 1.5 hours
In seconds =1.5×60×60=5400
=5.4×103
and an average person's lifetime
(approx.) = 70 years
In seconds =70×365×24×60×60
= 161,148,960,000
=1.61×1011
Total time spent in eating
=5.4×103×1.61×1011
=8.694×103+11
=8.7×1014 seconds
14. What was the date 1 arab/ 1 billion seconds ago?
Sol. 1 arab / 1 billion = 109
minutes =1,000,000,000/60
hours =1,000,000,000/(60×60)
days =1,000,000,000/(60×60×24)
years =1,000,000,000/(365×60×60×24)
Now, we go back to the calendar.
So, it is approx. 31 years, 8 months, and 15 days.
Let today's date = 1 Jan, 2026
After 31 years and 8 months and 15 days before the date was 24th April, 1994 (approx.)
Very short answer type questions
1.Evaluate:
(i) 4−3
(ii) (21)−5
2. Express as rational number:
(i) (4−3)−1
(ii) (7−5)−3
3. Express as a power of a rational number with positive exponent:
(i) 86×8−5
(ii) [(54)−2]4
4. Express as a power of a rational number with negative exponent:
(i) (43)2
(ii) [(3−7)2]5
5. Express each of the following with positive indices:
(i) x2−1
(ii) x5−2
(iii) x−5/67
(iv) (x−3)4
6. Simplify and express in exponential form:
(i) (25)3×(25)7
(ii) (3−2)4×(3−2)3×(3−2)
(iii) (94)6÷(94)4
7. State the exponential form of each expression :
(i) −6×−6×−6×−6
(ii) X×X×X×X×X×X×X
(iii) 32×32×32×32×32
8. Simplify :
(i) 15a3b35a2b2
(ii) (6x3y2)2
(iii) (45÷44)÷46
(iv) 15x3÷3x5
(v) 18x2y2÷9x3y4
9. Simplify :
(i) (6a2bc2)2×(3abc)3
(ii) (15p2q2r2)4÷(25pqr)2
(iii) (68÷64)÷(65÷63)
(iv) [(8a2b3c2)3×(6abc)2]÷48a4b4c4
(v) [(9a2b4c3)3×(4abc)2]÷36a6b6c6
10. Express the following with a single exponent ((−7)5×(−7)4)2
11. Write in scientific notation
(i) 8,040,000,000
(ii) 31,408,000,000
12. Express the following numbers in standard form:
(i) 0.0000000000085
(ii) 0.00000000000942
13. Express the following numbers in usual form:
(i) 3.02×10−6
(ii) 4.5×104
(iii) 3×10−8
Short answer type questions
14. Evaluate:
(i) (35)2×(35)2
(ii) (65)6×(65)−4
15. Evaluate: (95)−2×(53)−3×(53)0
16. Simplify:
(i) (−52)−3×(−52)4
(ii) (4−3)−5÷(4−3)−3
17. Simplify:
(i) (53)3×(215)3
(ii) ((74)8)0
(iii) [(3−2)3×(3−2)]÷(3−2)2
18. Evaluate: {(31)−3−(21)−3}÷(41)−3
19. Evaluate: [(5−1×3−1)−1÷6−1]
20. Find the value of [(−2)−2]−4
21. Simplify: 3−2×15×t−159×t−5;(t=0)
22. Simplify :
(i) (9)2×5(33)2×52
(ii) (53)2×(71)4(53)3×(71)3
23. Simplify: 23×2522×64×8
24. Simplify 57×6535×105×25
25. Simplify and write the terms with positive index.
(i) (−5x)2(5x)0(−1)3
(ii) (8a3)(6a)3+(2a)6
(iii) (6x3y2)3+(4x3y2)3
(iv) (5)4(3x6)4(5x5)3×(15x2)2
(v) (24xyz)3(6x2y4z3)3×(6x2y2z2)3
26. Simplify:
(i) (5−1÷4−1)3
(ii) [(32)−1×(43)−1]−1
27. Find the reciprocal of the rational number (31)−1÷(54)−3.
28. Simplify:
(i) 30+2−2
(ii) (23)0×(54)−2
29. Insects fire ants are 2−3 inches long. The ants are in a line across a porch that is 26 inches long. How many fire ants are there?
30. Astronomy: The star Betelgeuse, in the constellation of Orion is approximately 3.36×1015 miles from Earth. This is approximately 1.24×106 times as far as Pluto's minimum distance from Earth. What is Pluto's approximate minimum distance from Earth? Write your answer in scientific notation.
Long answer type questions
31. If a+b+c=0. Find the value of x−3b⋅x−3c(xa)3
32. An adult person has roughly 24×1012 red blood cells. The average diameter of each is 8×10−9 km. If these cells are placed end to end, how long would the line be?
33. A star in the Milky Way galaxy is 7×104 light years away from the earth and a light year is approximately 5.8×1012 miles. Find out in scientific form the distance of the star from the earth in miles.
34. Biology: Escherichia coli is a type of bacterium that is sometimes found in swimming pools. Each E. coli bacterium has a mass of 2×10−12 gram. The number of bacteria increase so that, after 30 hours, one bacterium has been replaced by a population of 4.8×108 bacteria.
(i) Suppose a pool begins with a population of only 1 bacterium. What would be the mass of the population after 30 hours?
(ii) A small paper clip has a mass of about 1 gram. The paper clip has how many times the mass of the 4.8×108 E. coli bacteria?
35. Physical Science: The speed of light is about 2×105 miles per second.
(i) On average, it takes light about 500 seconds to travel from the sun to Earth. What is the average distance from Earth to the sun? Write your answer in scientific notation.
(ii) The star Alpha Centauri is approximately 2.5×1013 miles from Earth. How many seconds does it take light to travel between Alpha Centauri and Earth?
ANSWER KEY
4.0Very short answer type questions
1. (i) 641
(ii) 32
2. (i) 3−4
(ii) 125−343
3.
(i) 8
(ii) (45)8
4. (i) (34)−2
(ii) (7−3)−10
5.
(i) x1/21
(ii) x2/51
(iii) 7x5/6
(iv) x121
6.
(i) (25)10
(ii) (3−2)8
(iii) (32)4
7.
(i) (−6)4
(ii) x7
(iii) (32)5
8.
(i) 3ab1
(ii) 36x6y4
(iii) (4)−5
(iv) x25
(v) xy22
9.
(i) 972a7b5c7
(ii) 81p6q6r6
(iii) 36
(iv) 384a4b7c4
(v) 324a2b8c5
10. (−7)18
11. (i) 8.04×109
(ii) 3.1408×1010
12.
(i) 8.5×10−12
(ii) 9.42×10−12
13.
(i) 0.00000302
(ii) 45000
(iii) 0.00000003
Short answer type questions
14.
(i) 81625
(ii) 3625
15. 15
16.
(i) 5−2
(ii) 916
17.
(i) 8729
(ii) 1
(iii) 94
18. 6419
19. 90
20. (−2)8=256
21. 527t10
22.
(i) 45
(ii) 521
23.8
24.1
25.
(i) −25x2
(ii) 1792a6
(iii) 280x9y6
(iv) 9x55
(v) 827x9y15z12
26. (i) 12564
(ii) 21
27. 192125
28. (i) 45
(ii) 1625
29. 512=29
30. 2.7×109 miles
Long answer type questions
31. 1
32. 1,92,000 km
33. 4.06×1017 miles
34. (i) 9.6×10−4 grams
(ii) 1.04×103
35. (i) 108 miles
(ii) 1.25×108sec
5.0Key Concepts of Chapter 2 Exercise 2.2
- Standard Form (Scientific Notation): Expressing numbers as a×10n where 1≤a<10 and n is an integer.
- Positive Exponents: Used when converting very large numbers into standard form (moving the decimal to the left).
- Negative Exponents: Used when converting very small decimals into standard form (moving the decimal to the right).
- Usual Form: Converting a number back from scientific notation to its expanded decimal or whole-number format.
- Comparing Numbers: Using powers of 10 to quickly determine which of two very large or very small numbers is greater.
6.0Benefits of NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 2 Exercise 2.2
- Conceptual Clarity: Detailed explanations of how moving the decimal point affects the exponent of 10.
- Exam-Oriented: Covers all major conversion types found in CBSE school tests.
- Logical Steps: Every solution shows the count of decimal places moved to ensure no zeros are missed.
- Error Prevention: Teaches students a consistent direction-based rule (Left = Positive, Right = Negative) to avoid exponent sign errors.