NCERT Solutions Class 7 Social Science Chapter 3 Climate of India

India's climate has been classified as tropical monsoon, which is unique because seasonal winds completely reverse and cause the monsoon to account for the majority of annual rainfall. The focus of this chapter is on the factors that cause climatic diversity in India that ranges from snow-clad Himalayas to desert regions of Rajasthan, along with the temperate coasts and the explanation of the four major seasons.

The NCERT Solutions give straightforward and concise answers to textbook questions, which will help students understand rudimentary geographical ideas, such as the effects of latitude, altitude, and distance from the sea on weather and climate. It is crucial to understand the monsoon, because it is lifeblood of the economy of India.

1.0Download NCERT Solutions Class 7 Social Science Chapter 3 Climate of India: Free PDF

Download the NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Chapter: Climate of India in our free PDF, prepared by experts for insightful learning and effective exam preparation.

2.0Important Concepts of Class 7 Social Science Chapter 3 Climate of India - Brief Explanation

The climate of India is defined by its dramatic regional variations, seasonal contrasts, and the unique influence of the monsoon winds.

Factors Affecting India's Climate

The Monsoon System

The word 'Monsoon' comes from the Arabic word 'Mausim' meaning season. It refers to the complete seasonal reversal of winds.

• Formation: The intense heating of the landmass in summer creates a strong low-pressure area over the northwest plains. This draws in moisture-laden winds from the high-pressure areas over the Indian Ocean, causing the main rainy season.

Seasons of India (IMD Classification)

1. Cold Weather Season (Winter): December to February. Characterized by low temperatures in the north and the presence of Western Disturbances that bring minor winter rainfall (Mahawat) to the plains.
2. Hot Weather Season (Summer): March to May. Characterized by high temperatures and the local hot, dry winds called 'Loo' over North India.
3. Southwest Monsoon Season (Rainy): June to September. The main rainy season. Winds blow from the sea to the land, bringing rain essential for agriculture (Kharif crops).
4. Retreating Monsoon Season: October to November. A period of transition. The sun moves south, causing high pressure over the land. The warm, humid weather (October Heat) is followed by the North-East Monsoon, which brings rain to the Tamil Nadu coast.

3.0NCERT Class 7 Social Science Chapter 3 Climate of India - Detailed Solutions

• Match the climatic factors with their effects:

Ans.

• Answer the following questions: (i) What is the difference between weather and climate? Ans. Weather refers to the short-term atmospheric conditions of a place, while climate is the long-term average of weather patterns over many years. (ii) Why do places near the ocean have milder temperatures than places far away from it? Ans. Places near the ocean have milder temperatures because the ocean moderates the temperature, preventing extreme heat in summer and severe cold in winter. (iii) What role do monsoon winds play in affecting India's climate? Ans. Monsoon winds bring wet air to India during summer, causing heavy rainfall and influencing the overall climate of the region. (iv) Why is Chennai warm or hot throughout the year, while Leh is cold? Ans. Chennai remains hot throughout the year because of its proximity to the ocean, which keeps temperatures stable, while Leh is cold because it is at a high altitude, making it cooler.
• Look at a map of India given below. Identify the climate for these cities Leh, Chennai, Delhi, Panaji and Jaipur.

• Is the place near the sea, near the mountains, or in the desert?
• How do these factors affect the climate there?
  
  Ans. Here is the climate classification and geographical influence for each city: Leh 1 Location: Near the Himalayas, high altitude 2.Climate: Cold and dry 3.Effect: High altitude keeps it cold throughout the year, and it receives very little rainfall. Chennai 1.Location: Coastal, near the Bay of Bengal 2.Climate: Hot and Humid 3.Effect: The ocean moderates the temperature, keeping summers very hot but winters mild with high humidity. Delhi 1.Location: Inland, near the northern plains 2.Climate: Extreme - very hot summers and cold winters 3.Effect: Being far from the sea causes large temperature variations between seasons. Panaji 1.Location: Coastal, near the Arabian Sea 2.Climate: Moderate, warm, and humid 3.Effect: The sea breeze keeps temperatures moderate with heavy monsoon rains in summer. Jaipur 1.Location: Inland, near the Thar Desert 2.Climate: Hot and dry 3.Effect: The desert causes extremely hot summers and dry winters with little rainfall.

4.0Key Features and Benefits of NCERT Class 7 Social Science Chapter 3: Climate of India

Students' geographical and civic awareness will be improved using these NCERT solutions:

• Cause-Effect Analysis: Jaw-dropping clarity, as each geographic factor (latitude, altitude, etc.) offers a cause-effect relationship to temperature and rainfall.
• Monsoon Formation: What was exceptionally complex, has been simplified due to the pressure differential created on land versus sea.
• Seasonal Division: Accurately divides the year into 4 seasons, documenting the associated wind systems and weather patterns that accompany each (e.g., Loo, Western Disturbances).
• Gleaning insights into 'Real Life' connects students with learning, e.g. why we wear the clothes we do or how our festivals link to seasons.
• Economic evidence of our learning experiences - the students understand that the Monsoon is India’s economic lifeline linking weather to agriculture, food prices, and national stability.
• Tapping into spatial awareness - the learning of different climates supports the objectives of spatial awareness and background to decoding and interpreting climate maps.
• Geographic/ environmental language - students accurately learn and utilize geographic environmental terms such as Equable Climate, Continental Climate, Monsoon, Altitude and Loo.
• Sneak peek for future geography - this chapter sets the groundwork for upcoming detailed geography chapters on the meteorology of climate.