CBSE Syllabus for Class 10 Maths

Struggling to decide where to start your Class 10 Maths prep? The answer is in its syllabus. From challenging Trigonometry to crunching Statistics, the CBSE Class 10 Maths syllabus can seem daunting—until you divide it wisely.

Here, we bring you the complete Maths curriculum for class 10th, with a complete chapter-wise weightage breakdown and the official CBSE Maths syllabus for Class 10 PDF. Whether you want to score full marks or be prepared for any surprises in the exam, this is your go-to guide to study smart, not hard. So, let's make Maths your best subject this year!

1.0Overview of the CBSE Class 10 Maths Syllabus

The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) releases the class 10 maths syllabus every year, not always with alterations. The syllabus is mainly based on problem-solving skills and building a solid mathematical core. The whole syllabus for maths is divided into seven broad categories, namely: 

• Number Systems
• Algebra
• Coordinate Geometry
• Geometry
• Trigonometry
• Mensuration
• Statistics & Probability

All seven topics are divided evenly to meet the criteria of the final board exam for 80 marks, along with an internal assessment of 20 marks.  

2.0Chapter-wise Weightage of Maths Class 10

Every unit in the CBSE class maths syllabus is divided into different weightages of marks in the final exam, like this: 

3.0Detailed CBSE Class 10 Maths Syllabus 2025-26

Unit I: Number System

Real Numbers

1. Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic - statements after reviewing work done earlier and after illustrating and motivating through examples

2. Proofs of irrationality of

√2, √3, √5

Unit II: Algebra

Polynomial

1. Zeros of a polynomial

2. Relationship between zeros and coefficients of quadratic polynomials.

Pair of Linear Equations in two variables

1. Pair of linear equations in two variables and graphical method of their solution, consistency/inconsistency.

2. Algebraic conditions for number of solutions.

3. Solution of a pair of linear equations in two variables algebraically - by substitution, by elimination. Simple situational problems.

Quadratic Equation

1. Standard form of a quadratic equation $a{x}^2+bx+c=0$, (𝑎 ≠ 0).

2. Solutions of quadratic equations (only real roots) by factorization, and by

using a quadratic formula. Relationship between discriminant and nature of roots.

3. Situational problems based on quadratic equations related to day-to-day activities to be incorporated

Arithmetic Progression

1. Motivation for studying Arithmetic Progression

2. Derivation of the nth term and sum of the first n terms of AP and their application in solving daily life problems.

Unit III: Coordinate Geometry

Coordinate Geometry

1. Review: Concepts of coordinate geometry.Distance formula. Section

formula (internal division).

Unit IV: Geometry

Triangles

Definitions, examples, counter examples of similar triangles.

1. (Prove) If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other two sides in distinct points, the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.

2. State (without proof) If a line divides two sides of a triangle in the same ratio, the line is parallel to the third side.

3. State (without proof) If in two triangles, the corresponding angles are equal, their corresponding sides are proportional and the triangles are similar.

4. State (without proof) If the corresponding sides of two triangles are proportional,

their corresponding angles are equal and the two triangles are similar.

5. State (without proof) If one angle of a triangle is equal to one angle of another triangle and the sides including these angles are proportional, the two triangles are similar. 

Circles

Tangent to a circle at point of contact.

1. (Prove) The tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius

through the point of contact.

2. (Prove) The lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal.

Unit V: Trigonometric

Introduction to trigonometry

Understands the definitions of the basic trigonometric functions (including the introduction of the sine and cosine functions).

1. Trigonometric ratios of an acute angle of a right-angled triangle. Proof of their existence (well defined)

2. Motivate the ratios whichever are defined at 0°and 90° . Values of the trigonometric ratios of 30° , 45° and 60°.

3. Relationships between the ratios.

Trigonometric Identities

Uses Trigonometric identities to solve problems.

1. Proof and applications of the identity $si{n}^{2}A+co{s}^{2}A=1.$

2. Only simple identities to be given.

Heights and distances:

Angle of elevation, Angle of Depression.

1. Simple problems on heights and distances. Problems should not involve more than two right triangles. Angles of elevation / depression should be only 30°, 45°, and

60°.

Unit VI: Mensuration

Area Related to Circle

1. Area of sectors and segments of a circle.

2. Problems based on areas and perimeter /circumference of the above said plane figures. (In calculating the area of a segment of a circle, problems should be restricted to the central angle of 60°, 90° and 120° only.

Surface Areas and Volumes

1. Surface areas and volumes of combinations of any two of the following: cubes,cuboids, spheres,hemispheres and right circular cylinders/cones.

Unit VII: Statistics and Probability

Statistics

1. Mean, median and mode of grouped data (bimodal situation to be avoided).

Probability

1. Classical definition of probability.

2. Simple problems on finding the probability of an event.

4.0Internal Assessment Scheme

Apart from the final board exam, the CBSE class 10th maths syllabus also includes a 20-mark internal assessment. These marks are further divided as: 

5.0Beyond the Textbook: Must-Have Study Aids for Class 10 Maths Exam

A good Maths preparation for Class 10 means more than studying the textbook. A proper combination of other study materials can increase understanding, accuracy, and confidence to take the exam. These are the key resources to make a part of your study plan:

1. Study Material from CBSE: 

CBSE Support Material: Provided in almost every government school, this material has extra questions, summaries, practice papers, and previous year questions to prepare from. Students can borrow copies of these books from seniors or get them directly from online platforms. 

NCERT Exemplar: The book is designed specifically to strengthen conceptual understanding, perfect for students who have problems solving the application-based question section of the exam. 

1. Reference Books: For understanding higher-difficulty problems in algebra, trigonometry, geometry, or any subject in the syllabus, students can also get help from some reference books. Some of the best reference books are: 

RD Sharma’s Mathematics for Class 10, 

R.S. Aggarwal's "Secondary School Mathematics, and 

All-in-One Mathematics books from Arihant Publications. 

1. NCERT Solutions: Go for step-by-step solutions of textbook exercises to understand the perfect approach to the questions. You can use solution guides or online platforms to find the complete solutions to these questions. 
2. Previous Year Question Papers (PYQs): Practising previous year question papers is the most important part of a strong exam prep. It provides insight into real exam patterns, frequently asked topics or questions, and the marking scheme. 
3. Sample Papers & Model Test Papers: These mimic the actual exam pattern and questions, which ultimately improve time management and help solve questions with confidence on the exam day. 
4. Quick Revision Notes & Formula Sheets: Make quick notes and formula sheets for last-minute preparation. You can also visit online platforms to get access to revision notes and formula sheets. 
5. Online Study Platforms: You can also visit apps or websites for video tutorials, quizzes, and chapter-wise tests, which help in revising important concepts of class 10th maths.  

6.0Best Preparation Tips 

• Focus on NCERT: Almost all the questions will be asked from the NCERT books, including the NCERT textbooks and exemplar. So, always focus and prepare from these books. 
• Practice Daily: Practice regular problems to enhance speed and accuracy.
• Mock Tests: Attempt sample papers and previous year papers under timed situations.
• Use Formulas Sheet: Update formulas for Trigonometry, Geometry, and Mensuration regularly.
• Understand Concepts: Don't memorise steps—know the reasoning behind them.

Begin your preparation today with a definite plan, proper resources, and complete concentration—because your perfect 100 in Maths starts with knowing the syllabus!